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Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the medical disorder in which there is intermittent and repeated upper airway collapse during sleep.
There is the absence of respiratory airflow (for 10 seconds or more) during sleep in spite of respiratory effort due to upper airway obstruction.
It is typically featured by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep in spite of the effort to breathe and is normally linked with a decrease in blood oxygen saturation.
These pauses in breathing are called apneas (without breath) and normally last 20 to 40 seconds.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a serious,
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Produktbeschreibung
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the medical disorder in which there is intermittent and repeated upper airway collapse during sleep.
There is the absence of respiratory airflow (for 10 seconds or more) during sleep in spite of respiratory effort due to upper airway obstruction.
It is typically featured by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep in spite of the effort to breathe and is normally linked with a decrease in blood oxygen saturation.
These pauses in breathing are called apneas (without breath) and normally last 20 to 40 seconds.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a serious, potentially disorder that is life-threatening.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea often goes undiagnosed and untreated.
Left untreated, obstructive sleep apnea raises one's risk for high blood pressure, motor vehicle crashes, heart attack, stroke, and other medical disorders.
OSA is often accompanied with snoring.
Causes of OSA are:
a. Relatively low muscle tone,
b. Narrow nasopharynx, and
c. Large tongue, tonsils and adenoid.
Sufferers who normally sleep alone have often no knowledge of the disorder without a regular bed-partner to observe and make them know their symptoms.
As the muscle tone of the body ordinarily reduces during sleep, and the airway at the throat is made of walls of soft tissue, which can collapse, the breathing can be blocked during sleep.
Diagnosis is by:
1. Symptoms of snoring, nasal congestion and insufficient sleep are present
2. Notice of airway obstruction during sleep
3. Sleep study with monitoring devices such as
a. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
b. Electro-oculogram (EOG)
4. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
5. Blood oxygen levels
Mild Sleep Apnea is normally treated by some behavioral changes.
Losing weight, sleeping on the side is often advised.
There are a variety of oral mouth devices (that keep the airway open)
Moderate to severe Sleep Apnea is normally treated with a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure).
CPAP is a machine that blows air into the nose through a nose mask keeping the airway open and not blocked.
Surgery treatment is:
1. Radiofrequency reduction is for mild OSA
2. Maxillo-mandibular Advancement is the most effective surgical intervention for treatment of OSA
3. Laser Assisted Uvuloplasty (LAUP), is a surgical intervention to eliminate the uvula and surrounding tissue to open the airway

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 OSA And Medical Disorders
Chapter 8 Insomnia
Epilogue

I have a patient recently whom I sent to a sleep center for sleep disorder study.
She was confirmed to have obstructive sleep apnea.
Her heart specialist was particularly concerned because the ECG showed evidence of stoppage of her heart for a few seconds.
He and the sleep specialist insisted that she wear the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) airway mask every night.
Initially she fought against the feeling of suffocation but has found that her symptoms have become so much better that she bought her own CPAP airway for night use.
There are some sleep apnea patients who had unable to tolerate the CPAP.


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Autorenporträt
Dr. Kenneth Kee is a well-known medical doctor from Singapore who has been practicing medicine since 1972.
He graduated from the University of Singapore and furthered his studies with a Master of Science in Health Management in 1991, followed by a Ph.D. in Healthcare Administration in 1993.
Dr. Kee established Kee Clinic in 1974, located in the Holland Drive area of Singapore. The clinic has been a prominent feature of the community, offering general medical services for 5 decades.
Dr Kee also served his country Singapore as a national service police Inspector at night from 1975 to 1985 while working at his clinic during the day.
He had served as a police guard to the Woodland Petroleum Tanks at night during the Indonesian Confrontation period, took part in police rounds at night in the Beach Road area and taught First aid and emergency resuscitation to Police recruits.
He received the Singapore Police Bicentennial 2020 Medallion on 1st March 2024 as recognition for his work in the Singapore Police.
Even as he grew older, Dr. Kee continued to work actively in his clinic, although he eventually reduced his consultation hours.
Beyond his medical career, Dr. Kee is also an author.
He started writing about medical conditions in 2007, using blogs and other online platforms to share his knowledge with a broader audience.
Over time, he published various books, many of which provide simple and accessible guides to different health conditions.
His works include "A Family Doctor's Tale," "My Personal Singapore History," and numerous medical guides, available through platforms like Amazon.
His books often combine his personal experiences as a family doctor with insights into Singapore's healthcare system and history.
Dr. Kee has written extensively on health topics, contributing to both medical literature and general knowledge resources.

Dr. Kenneth Kee has written numerous books, primarily focused on health education and personal experiences as a family doctor. Some of his notable titles include:
"A Family Doctor's Tale"
This book is a blend of Dr. Kee's personal experiences and his reflections on being a family doctor in Singapore. It's a great choice if you're looking for a narrative that combines both medical knowledge and human stories.
"Specialized Medical Conditions"
Books like **"Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment"** focus on specific conditions, offering in-dept...