Norbert Freinkel

The Year in Metabolism 1975-1976 (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

It is unclear, and really no longer relevant, whether the information explosion that we now contend with has been fostered by the growth of specialization and subspecialization in medicine, or vice versa. What is clear is that the two are mutually supportive and constitute what would be in endocrine parlance a short-loop positive feedback system. As a result, for most areas of medicine, even the subspecialist in that area has a problem in maintaining currency, the more general specialist has substan tial difficulty in doing so, and the generalist is tempted to abandon the effort altogether. Nevertheless, for all, both the internal pressures of conscience and self-esteem and the external pressures generated by peer review, recertifi cation, and subspecialty boards create the need for continuous self-educa tion. We are, therefore, in an era in which the means of dissemination of new information deserves as much creative attention as does its acquisition.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer US
• Seitenzahl: 353
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781468476569
• Artikelnr.: 44063082

Inhaltsangabe

1 Hormone Receptors, Cyclic Nucleotides, and Control of Cell Function.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. Receptor Systems.- 1.3. Regulation of Adenylate Cyclase.- 1.4. Cyclic 3?,5?-Adenosine Monophosphate Concentration in Tissue and Protein Kinase Activation.- 1.5. Cyclic Nucleotides in the Extracellular Fluids.- References.- 2 Diabetes Mellitus.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Heterogeneity in Etiology and Pathogenesis.- 2.3. Measurement of Insulin Secretory Products.- 2.4. Acute Complications.- 2.5. Long-Term Complications.- References.- 3 Glucagon.- 3.1. Immunoreactive Glucagon in Tissues and Plasma.- 3.2. Glucagon Metabolism-Clearance and Degradation.- 3.3. Actions of Glucagon on the Liver.- 3.4. Physiological Roles of Glucagon and Insulin in Fuel Homeostasis-The Concept of a Bihormonal Unit.- 3.5. Proposed Mechanisms of Glucagon Action.- 3.6. Control of Glucagon Secretion.- 3.7. Studies of Glucagon Physiology Using Somatostatin.- 3.8. Microanatomical Organization of the Islets of Langerhans.- 3.9. Extrapancreatic Glucagon.- 3.10. Diabetes Mellitus.- 3.11. A-Cell Function in Prediabetes.- 3.12. Catabolic Diseases.- 3.13. Glucagonoma.- References.- 4 Recent Developments in Body Fuel Metabolism.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Glucose Metabolism.- 4.3. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism.- 4.4. Fatty Acid and Ketone Metabolism.- 4.5. Fuel Metabolism in Exercise.- References.- 5 Recent Endocrine and Metabolic Investigations Relevant to Obesity.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Insulin.- 5.3. Thermogenesis and Thyroid Function.- 5.4. The Gastrointestinal Tract.- 5.5. Appetite and Substrate Utilization.- References.- 6 Disorders of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Lipoprotein Structure and Metabolism.- 6.3. Hyperlipidemias-Definition and Classification.- 6.4.Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- 6.5. Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia.- 6.6. Familial Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency.- 6.7. Chronic Renal Failure and Hyperlipidemia.- 6.8. Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperlipidemia.- 6.9. Treatment of Hyperlipidemia.- References.- 7 Metabolism of Amino Acids and Organic Acids.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Hyperammonemia and Urea Cycle Enzymes.- 7.3. Inherited Defects of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Metabolism.- 7.4. Use of Stable Isotopes in the Investigation of Disorders of Amino Acid and Organic Acid Metabolism.- References.- (Section 7.1).- Hyperammonemia and Urea Cycle Enzymes (Section 7.2).- Inherited Defects of Cobalamin Metabolism (Section 7.3).- Stable Isotopes (Section 7.4).- 8 Disorders of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Abnormalities of Purine Metabolism.- 8.3. Abnormalities in Serum Urate Concentration.- 8.4. Abnormalities of Pyrimidine Metabolism.- 8.5. Regulatory Role of Cyclic Purine Nucleotides.- References.- 9 What's New-Vitamins and Minerals.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Vitamin C.- 9.3. Vitamin D.- References.- 10 Nutrition, Growth, and Development.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. Normal Nutrition.- 10.3. Abnormal Nutrition.- References.- 11 Metabolic Aspects of Renal Stone Disease.- 11.1. Introduction.- 11.2. Types of Renal Stones.- 11.3. Pathogenesis of Renal Stones.- 11.4. Treatment and Prevention of Renal Stones.- 11.5. Summary.- References.- 12 Metabolism and Metabolic Actions of Ethanol.- 12.1. Metabolism of Ethanol.- 12.2. The Hypermetabolic State Produced by Ethanol.- 12.3. Effects of Alcohol on the Liver and Development of Alcoholic Liver Injury.- 12.4. Interaction of Ethanol and Lipid Metabolism in Liver and Intestine.- 12.5. Acetaldehyde-Its Metabolism and Metabolic Effects.-References.