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Women, Politics, and Power: A Global Perspective provides a clear, detailed introduction to women's political participation and representation across a wide range of countries and regions. Through broad statistical overviews and detailed case-study accounts, the authors document both historical trends and the contemporary state of women's political strength. Readers see the cultural, structural, political, and international influences on women's access to political power, and the difference women make once in political office. The fourth edition includes the latest information available on…mehr
Women, Politics, and Power: A Global Perspective provides a clear, detailed introduction to women's political participation and representation across a wide range of countries and regions. Through broad statistical overviews and detailed case-study accounts, the authors document both historical trends and the contemporary state of women's political strength. Readers see the cultural, structural, political, and international influences on women's access to political power, and the difference women make once in political office. The fourth edition includes the latest information available on women in politics around the world, including current events as they have unfolded across the globe. The newest thinking in the field is presented, including on violence against women in politics. Approach and Features Nine thematic chapters explain women's access to office in the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and why it matters. Six chapters cover women's political power in specific geographic regions with recent research and events.The book's intersectional perspective attends to the ways gender interacts with other forms of difference, both throughout the volume and in a dedicated chapter.A bounty of figures, maps, and tables provide visual accounts of the variations in women's access to political power around the world, the growth in women's political power over time, and persistent obstacles to gender equality in politics.
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Autorenporträt
By Pamela Paxton; Melanie M. Hughes and Tiffany D. Barnes
Inhaltsangabe
List of Illustrations Preface About the Authors 1Introduction to Women in Politics Arguments for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria: De Jure versus De Facto Law Standing Against Party: The Sister Senators of South Carolina Resist a Total Abortion Ban Justice Arguments for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public versus Private, and Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2Women Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the US Constitution Gender Transgressions at the Polls in Early America Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement Black Women and the US Suffrage Movement The State Suffrage Movement: Why the West Was Best Partnering with the Progressive Movement Opposition to Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements outside the United States Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy Women's Suffrage after 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote 3Positions and Pathways: Women's Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Subnational Governments 4Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and Lower: Double and Triple Barriers in Politics Multiple Barriers to Indigenous Women in Politics Multiple Barriers to Transgender, Gender Nonconforming, and Intersex People in Politics The Puzzle of Success: Strategic Opportunities and Complementarity When Identities Collide: The Rights and Representation of Minority Women When All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men: Invisibility and Its Political Consequences But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Symbolic Representation 5Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Culture A Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition Role Model Effects Mediä 6Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence against Women in Politics 7Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Politics Democracy Democratic Leaders Appoint More Women Democracies May Not Elect More Women Democratic Transitions and Backslides Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Proportional Representation Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political Appointments Cabinet Appointments Judicial Appointments Political Parties' Characteristics From Candidate to Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better? Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, No "Juanita"!: Quota Reform in Mexico Looking beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of Gender Quotas Do Quotas Affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's Power? 8Explaining the Political Representation of Women: International Factors The International Women's Movement Women's Activism: United Nations, WINGOs, and International Protest Women's Activism Increases the Supply and Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power: International Dimensions 9Do Women Make a Difference? Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns, Bill Sponsorship, and Appellate Court Rulings Acting Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently: Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's Policy Machinery Winning Hearts and Minds: Symbolic Representation 10The West and the United States The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash: Harassment and Violence Against Woman Politicians Women in the European Union Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the US Senate and House of Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't Think She Has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11Eastern Europe and Central Asiä The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power since 1990 Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the Far-Right Bring Backslides Women Press Back 12Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of Culture in Latin Americä Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements Women's Participation in Protest Movements Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Obstacles to Women's Political Power Women in Subnational Governments Make Big Gains Setbacks and Challenges for Women in Politics 13Middle East and North Africä An Overview and Brief History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Why Authoritarian Leaders Grant Women Rights Changes Come to Women of the Gulf Coast Region Wins for Women in Bahrain A "Sudden Surge" in the UAE Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring Tahrir Square Brings Little Improvement for Women in Egypt After the Arab Spring 14Asia and the Pacific Cultural Influences on Women in Politics in Asia and the Pacific Islands Confucianism Honor Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Politicians Family Ties and Clientelism Party Politics and Local Gender Quotas Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15Sub-Saharan Africä Colonialism One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic Politics Armed Conflict: Devastation Yet Hope? Increasing the Supply of Women Candidates Changing Culture Creating Opportunities and Changing Politics Gender and the Presidency in Africa 16Where Do We Go from Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index
List of Illustrations Preface About the Authors 1Introduction to Women in Politics Arguments for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria: De Jure versus De Facto Law Standing Against Party: The Sister Senators of South Carolina Resist a Total Abortion Ban Justice Arguments for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public versus Private, and Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2Women Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the US Constitution Gender Transgressions at the Polls in Early America Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement Black Women and the US Suffrage Movement The State Suffrage Movement: Why the West Was Best Partnering with the Progressive Movement Opposition to Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements outside the United States Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy Women's Suffrage after 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote 3Positions and Pathways: Women's Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Subnational Governments 4Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and Lower: Double and Triple Barriers in Politics Multiple Barriers to Indigenous Women in Politics Multiple Barriers to Transgender, Gender Nonconforming, and Intersex People in Politics The Puzzle of Success: Strategic Opportunities and Complementarity When Identities Collide: The Rights and Representation of Minority Women When All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men: Invisibility and Its Political Consequences But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Symbolic Representation 5Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Culture A Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition Role Model Effects Mediä 6Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence against Women in Politics 7Explaining the Political Representation of Women: Politics Democracy Democratic Leaders Appoint More Women Democracies May Not Elect More Women Democratic Transitions and Backslides Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Proportional Representation Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political Appointments Cabinet Appointments Judicial Appointments Political Parties' Characteristics From Candidate to Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better? Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, No "Juanita"!: Quota Reform in Mexico Looking beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of Gender Quotas Do Quotas Affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's Power? 8Explaining the Political Representation of Women: International Factors The International Women's Movement Women's Activism: United Nations, WINGOs, and International Protest Women's Activism Increases the Supply and Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power: International Dimensions 9Do Women Make a Difference? Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns, Bill Sponsorship, and Appellate Court Rulings Acting Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently: Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's Policy Machinery Winning Hearts and Minds: Symbolic Representation 10The West and the United States The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash: Harassment and Violence Against Woman Politicians Women in the European Union Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the US Senate and House of Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't Think She Has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11Eastern Europe and Central Asiä The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power since 1990 Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the Far-Right Bring Backslides Women Press Back 12Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of Culture in Latin Americä Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements Women's Participation in Protest Movements Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Obstacles to Women's Political Power Women in Subnational Governments Make Big Gains Setbacks and Challenges for Women in Politics 13Middle East and North Africä An Overview and Brief History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Why Authoritarian Leaders Grant Women Rights Changes Come to Women of the Gulf Coast Region Wins for Women in Bahrain A "Sudden Surge" in the UAE Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring Tahrir Square Brings Little Improvement for Women in Egypt After the Arab Spring 14Asia and the Pacific Cultural Influences on Women in Politics in Asia and the Pacific Islands Confucianism Honor Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Politicians Family Ties and Clientelism Party Politics and Local Gender Quotas Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15Sub-Saharan Africä Colonialism One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic Politics Armed Conflict: Devastation Yet Hope? Increasing the Supply of Women Candidates Changing Culture Creating Opportunities and Changing Politics Gender and the Presidency in Africa 16Where Do We Go from Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index
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