Around 1796, Mr. Malthus, an English gentleman, had finished reading a book that confidently predicted human life would continue to grow richer, more comfortable and more secure, and that nothing could stop the march of progress. He discussed this theme with his son, Thomas, and Thomas ardently disagreed with both his father and the book he had been reading, along with the entire idea of unending human progress. Mr. Malthus suggested that he write down his objections so that they could discuss them point-by-point. Not long after, Thomas returned with a rather long essay. His father was so…mehr
Around 1796, Mr. Malthus, an English gentleman, had finished reading a book that confidently predicted human life would continue to grow richer, more comfortable and more secure, and that nothing could stop the march of progress. He discussed this theme with his son, Thomas, and Thomas ardently disagreed with both his father and the book he had been reading, along with the entire idea of unending human progress. Mr. Malthus suggested that he write down his objections so that they could discuss them point-by-point. Not long after, Thomas returned with a rather long essay. His father was so impressed that he urged his son to have it published. And so, in 1798, appeared An Essay on Population. Though it was attacked at the time and ridiculed for many years afterward, it has remained one of the most influential works in the English language on the general checks and balances of the world's population and its necessary control. Originally two volumes, it is presented here in an omnibus edition. THOMAS ROBERT MALTHUS (1766-1834) was educated at Jesus College in Cambridge. In 1798, he was curate at Albury in Surrey, and became a Professor of History and Political Economy at Haileybury College, 1805.
Volume I: Book I. Of the Checks to Population in the less civilized Parts of the World, and in Past Times: 1. Statement of the Subject. Ratios of the Increase of Population and Food 2. Of the general Checks to Population, and the Mode of their Operation 3. Of the Checks to Population in the lowest Stage of Human Society 4. Of the Checks to Population among the American Indians 5. Of the Checks to Population in the Islands of the South Sea 6. Of the Checks to Population among the ancient Inhabitants of the North of Europe 7. Of the Checks to Population among modern Pastoral Nations 8. Of the Checks to Population in different Parts of Africa 9. Of the Checks to Population in Siberia, Northern and Southern 10. Of the Checks to Population in the Turkish Dominions and Persia 11. Of the Checks to Population in Indostan and Tibet 12. Of the Checks to Population in China and Japan 13. Of the Checks to Population among the Greeks 14. Of the Checks to Population among the Romans Book II. Of the Checks to Population in the different States of Modern Europe: 1. Of the Checks to Population in Norway 2. Of the Checks to Population in Sweden 3. Of the Checks to Population in Russia 4. (a) On the fruitfulness of Marriages [1803] 5. Of the Checks to Population in the middle parts of Europe 6. (a) Effects of Epidemics on Tables of Mortality [1803] 7. Of the Checks to Population in Switzerland 8. Of the Checks to Population in France 9. Of the Checks to Population in France (continued) [Added 1817] 10. Of the Checks to Population in England 11. Of the Checks to Population in England (continued) [Added 1817] 12. Of the Checks to Population in Scotland and Ireland 13. General deductions from the preceding view of Society Book III. Of the different Systems of Expedients which have been proposed or have prevailed in Society, as they affect the Evils arising from the Principle of Population: 1. Of Systems of Equality. Wallace. Condorcet 2. Of Systems of Equality. Godwin 3. (a) Observations on the Reply of Mr Godwin [1803] 3. (b) Of Systems of Equality (continued) [Substituted 1817] 4. Of Emigration 5. Of the English Poor Laws 6. Subject of Poor Laws continued 7. Of Poor-Laws, continued [Added 1817] 8. Of increasing Wealth as it affects the Condition of the Poor 9. Of the Definitions of Wealth. Agricultural and Commercial Systems [1803] 10. Different Effects of the Agricultural and Commercial Systems 11. Of Bounties on the Exportation of Corn 12. Of the principal Sources of the prevailing Errors on the Subject of Population.
Volume I: Book I. Of the Checks to Population in the less civilized Parts of the World, and in Past Times: 1. Statement of the Subject. Ratios of the Increase of Population and Food 2. Of the general Checks to Population, and the Mode of their Operation 3. Of the Checks to Population in the lowest Stage of Human Society 4. Of the Checks to Population among the American Indians 5. Of the Checks to Population in the Islands of the South Sea 6. Of the Checks to Population among the ancient Inhabitants of the North of Europe 7. Of the Checks to Population among modern Pastoral Nations 8. Of the Checks to Population in different Parts of Africa 9. Of the Checks to Population in Siberia, Northern and Southern 10. Of the Checks to Population in the Turkish Dominions and Persia 11. Of the Checks to Population in Indostan and Tibet 12. Of the Checks to Population in China and Japan 13. Of the Checks to Population among the Greeks 14. Of the Checks to Population among the Romans Book II. Of the Checks to Population in the different States of Modern Europe: 1. Of the Checks to Population in Norway 2. Of the Checks to Population in Sweden 3. Of the Checks to Population in Russia 4. (a) On the fruitfulness of Marriages [1803] 5. Of the Checks to Population in the middle parts of Europe 6. (a) Effects of Epidemics on Tables of Mortality [1803] 7. Of the Checks to Population in Switzerland 8. Of the Checks to Population in France 9. Of the Checks to Population in France (continued) [Added 1817] 10. Of the Checks to Population in England 11. Of the Checks to Population in England (continued) [Added 1817] 12. Of the Checks to Population in Scotland and Ireland 13. General deductions from the preceding view of Society Book III. Of the different Systems of Expedients which have been proposed or have prevailed in Society, as they affect the Evils arising from the Principle of Population: 1. Of Systems of Equality. Wallace. Condorcet 2. Of Systems of Equality. Godwin 3. (a) Observations on the Reply of Mr Godwin [1803] 3. (b) Of Systems of Equality (continued) [Substituted 1817] 4. Of Emigration 5. Of the English Poor Laws 6. Subject of Poor Laws continued 7. Of Poor-Laws, continued [Added 1817] 8. Of increasing Wealth as it affects the Condition of the Poor 9. Of the Definitions of Wealth. Agricultural and Commercial Systems [1803] 10. Different Effects of the Agricultural and Commercial Systems 11. Of Bounties on the Exportation of Corn 12. Of the principal Sources of the prevailing Errors on the Subject of Population.
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