This first book by James Croll (1821-90), published in 1875, includes many of the original geophysical theories that he had formulated throughout the early years of his career. A self-educated amateur, Croll obtained work at the Glasgow Andersonian Museum, which gave him leisure time to pursue his scientific interests. The fluidity of scientific disciplines at the time allowed him to virtually invent the field of geophysics, and his unique insights united ideas previously thought unconnected, such as using physics to explore the causes of the glacial epochs, climatic changes and the…mehr
This first book by James Croll (1821-90), published in 1875, includes many of the original geophysical theories that he had formulated throughout the early years of his career. A self-educated amateur, Croll obtained work at the Glasgow Andersonian Museum, which gave him leisure time to pursue his scientific interests. The fluidity of scientific disciplines at the time allowed him to virtually invent the field of geophysics, and his unique insights united ideas previously thought unconnected, such as using physics to explore the causes of the glacial epochs, climatic changes and the circulation and temperature of ocean currents. Croll, whose Stellar Evolution and its Relations to Geological Time is also reissued in this series, later became a Fellow of the Royal Society and of St Andrew's University, but (possibly because of his non-scientific background) he writes in a style which makes his works accessible to a lay readership.
Preface 1. Introduction 2. Ocean-currents in relation to the distribution of heat over the globe 3. Ocean-currents in relation to the distribution of heat over the globe continued 4. Outline of the physical agencies which lead to secular changes of climate 5. Reason why the Southern Hemisphere is colder than the northern 6. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Lieut. Maury's theory 7. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Lieut. Maury's theory continued 8. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Dr Carpenter's theory 9. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. The mechanics of Dr Carpenter's theory 10. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Dr Carpenter's theory. Objections considered 11. The inadequacy of the gravitation theory proved by another method 12. Mr. A. G. Findlay's objections considered 13. The wind theory of oceanic circulation 14. The wind theory of oceanic circulation in relation to change of climate 15. Warm inter-glacial periods 16. Warm inter-glacial periods in Arctic regions 17. Former glacial epochs. Reason of the imperfection of geological records in reference to them 18. Former glacial epochs, geological evidence of 19. Geological time. Probable date of the glacial epoch 20. Geological time. Method of measuring the rate of subaerial denudation 21. The probable age and origin of the sun 22. A method of determining the mean thickness of the sedimentary rocks of the globe 23. The physical cause of the submergence and emergence of the land during the glacial epoch 24. The physical cause of the submergence and emergence of the land during the glacial epoch continued 25. The influence of the obliquity of the ecliptic on climate and on the level of the sea 26. Coal an inter-glacial formation 27. Path of the ice-sheet in North-western Europe and its relations to the boulder clay of Caithness 28. North of England ice-sheet, and transport of Wastdale Crag blocks 29. Evidence from buried river channels of a continental period in Britain 30. The physical cause of the motion of glaciers. Theories of glacier-motion 31. The physical cause of the motion of glaciers. The molecular theory Appendix Index.
Preface 1. Introduction 2. Ocean-currents in relation to the distribution of heat over the globe 3. Ocean-currents in relation to the distribution of heat over the globe continued 4. Outline of the physical agencies which lead to secular changes of climate 5. Reason why the Southern Hemisphere is colder than the northern 6. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Lieut. Maury's theory 7. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Lieut. Maury's theory continued 8. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Dr Carpenter's theory 9. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. The mechanics of Dr Carpenter's theory 10. Examination of the gravitation theory of oceanic circulation. Dr Carpenter's theory. Objections considered 11. The inadequacy of the gravitation theory proved by another method 12. Mr. A. G. Findlay's objections considered 13. The wind theory of oceanic circulation 14. The wind theory of oceanic circulation in relation to change of climate 15. Warm inter-glacial periods 16. Warm inter-glacial periods in Arctic regions 17. Former glacial epochs. Reason of the imperfection of geological records in reference to them 18. Former glacial epochs, geological evidence of 19. Geological time. Probable date of the glacial epoch 20. Geological time. Method of measuring the rate of subaerial denudation 21. The probable age and origin of the sun 22. A method of determining the mean thickness of the sedimentary rocks of the globe 23. The physical cause of the submergence and emergence of the land during the glacial epoch 24. The physical cause of the submergence and emergence of the land during the glacial epoch continued 25. The influence of the obliquity of the ecliptic on climate and on the level of the sea 26. Coal an inter-glacial formation 27. Path of the ice-sheet in North-western Europe and its relations to the boulder clay of Caithness 28. North of England ice-sheet, and transport of Wastdale Crag blocks 29. Evidence from buried river channels of a continental period in Britain 30. The physical cause of the motion of glaciers. Theories of glacier-motion 31. The physical cause of the motion of glaciers. The molecular theory Appendix Index.
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