Digital twin technology has made great strides in the engineering and manufacturing sector over the past decade, however, there remains confusion around what a digital twin is and how they can be utilised successfully at a city scale. Digital Twins for Smart Cities provides conceptual clarity and practical guidance for supporting city-scale digital twin (CDT) development, outlining challenges, showcasing real-life CDT practices globally, and offering socio-technical frameworks to compare CDT projects. Providing theoretical and practical guidance on digital twin development, this book covers * the purpose, trust and function of CDTs * case studies on city, district and subterranean assets of cities * comparisons of CDT cases * recommendations for putting CDTs into practice. Digital Twins for Smart Cities is a much-needed reference for urban designers and planners, built environment professionals, and digital-twin-related technology providers.