Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector - Williams, Colin
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How many businesses start-ups conduct some or all of their trade 'off-the-books'? And how many enterprises continue to do some of their work off-the-books once they are more established? What should be done about them? Should governments adopt ever more punitive measures to eradicate them? Or should we recognise this hidden enterprise culture and attempt to harness it? If so, how can this be done? What measures can be taken to ensure that businesses start-up in a proper manner? And what can be done to help those enterprises and entrepreneurs currently working off-the-books to legitimise their…mehr

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Produktbeschreibung
How many businesses start-ups conduct some or all of their trade 'off-the-books'? And how many enterprises continue to do some of their work off-the-books once they are more established? What should be done about them? Should governments adopt ever more punitive measures to eradicate them? Or should we recognise this hidden enterprise culture and attempt to harness it? If so, how can this be done? What measures can be taken to ensure that businesses start-up in a proper manner? And what can be done to help those enterprises and entrepreneurs currently working off-the-books to legitimise their businesses? The aim of this book is to advance a new way of answering these questions. Drawing inspiration from institutional theory, informal sector entrepreneurship is explained as resulting from the asymmetry between the codified laws and regulations of a society's formal institutions and the norms, values and beliefs that comprise a society's informal institutions. The argument is that if the norms, values and beliefs of entrepreneurs (i.e., their individual morality) were wholly aligned with the codified laws and regulations (i.e., state morality), there would be no informal sector entrepreneurship. However, because the individual morality of entrepreneurs differs from state morality, such as due to their lack of trust in government and the rule of law, the result is the prevalence of informal sector entrepreneurship. The greater the degree of institutional asymmetry, the higher is the propensity to engage in informal sector entrepreneurship. This book provides evidence to show that this is the case both at the individual- and country-level and then discusses how this can be overcome. .
Autorenporträt
After qualifying as a Chartered Accountant in the seventies, Colin Williams joined his long-established family shipping business based in Southampton, England, in which he is still actively involved. In 2019, Colin produced a book depicting the 125-year history of the family firm. This gave him an appetite for writing the results of which became his first novel After Breakfast. Much of After Breakfast takes place in the Caribbean a place the author fell in love with when visiting friends in St Lucia for the first time, in 1976. A large part of the story was not only written during holidays in the West Indies but literally experienced! . Inspiration is also taken from the author s years at senior school in Somerset and later as an articled clerk, training to become an accountant the mounting number of anecdotes are richly interwoven throughout our protagonist s adventures on the fictional island of Karaloo, situated some eight miles off the coast of Barbados. After Breakfast is full of humour, much banter, a little sadness, and sadly some tragedy which, fortunately for the author, is not anecdotal! Of course, there is also a thread of intrigue that will have the reader continually wanting to read just one more page to the very end.