This is an open access title. It is available to read and download as a free PDF version on Oxford Academic and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International licence. Longtermism, broadly speaking, is the view that positively influencing the long-term future is one of the key moral priorities of our time. Calls for taking a long-term view towards global problems such as climate change and poverty are familiar, typically urging us to plan on a scale of decades or perhaps a century. By contrast, longtermism asks us to take seriously the…mehr
This is an open access title. It is available to read and download as a free PDF version on Oxford Academic and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International licence. Longtermism, broadly speaking, is the view that positively influencing the long-term future is one of the key moral priorities of our time. Calls for taking a long-term view towards global problems such as climate change and poverty are familiar, typically urging us to plan on a scale of decades or perhaps a century. By contrast, longtermism asks us to take seriously the idea that what we should do right now may depend on the effects of our actions thousands, even millions, of years into the future. Essays on Longtermism brings together leading scholars to discuss four sets of overlapping questions raised by the longtermist approach. First, should we accept some version of longtermism? Second, to what extent can we predict and control the far future? Third, which ethical priorities are recommended by longtermism, and how revisionary are they? Finally, what implications would longtermism have for the design or reform of social, political, and legal institutions? Contributors, who include both supporters and critics of longtermism, are drawn from a range of disciplines including philosophy, economics, psychology, law, political science, and mathematics, and from private industry.
Hilary Greaves is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford. Her research interests range broadly across ethics, but with a particular focus around issues of axiology and those lying at the interface with economics. Greaves' theoretical work has spanned, among other things, utilitarian aggregation, population axiology, interpersonal comparisons of well-being, moral uncertainty, discounting, and cluelessness. She also has worked on various issues of practical ethics, including healthcare prioritization, population size, global poverty, climate change, artificial intelligence and existential risk. From 2017 to 2022, Greaves served as Founding Director of the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford. Jacob Barrett is Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Political Science at Vanderbilt University, and a Senior Research Affiliate at the Global Priorities Institute at the University of Oxford. His research focuses on social, moral, and political philosophy, and especially on questions relating to long-run social reform. David Thorstad is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Vanderbilt University, Senior Research Affiliate at the Global Priorities Institute, Oxford, and Research Affiliate at the MINT Lab, ANU. Thorstad's research focuses on bounded rationality, global priorities research, and the ethics of emerging technologies.
Inhaltsangabe
* 1: Hilary Greaves and William MacAskill: Introduction Hilary Greaves, Jacob Barrett, and David Thorstad * Part 1: Evaluating the Case for Longtermism * 2: Johan E. Gustafsson and Petra Kosonen: The Case for Strong Longtermism * 3: Andreas L. Mogensen: Longtermism and Neutrality about More Lives * 4: Prudential Longtermism Christian Tarsney and Hayden Wilkinson * 5: Emma J. Curran: Would a a World thout Us Be Worse? Clues from Population Axiology * 6: Charlotte Franziska Unruh: Longtermism in an Infinite World * 7: Stefan Riedener: Longtermism and the Complaints of Future People * 8: Against a Moral Duty to Make the Future Go Best * 9: David Rhys Bernard and Eva Vivalt: Authenticity Meaning, and Alienation: Reasons to Care Less about Far-Future People * Part 2: Predicting and Evaluating the Future * 10: Philip Kitcher: what Are the Prospehcts of Forecasting the Far Future? * 11: Toby Ord: Taking the Long View: Paleobiological Perspectives on Longtermism * 12: Aron Vallinder: Coping with Myopia * 13: Shaping Humanity's Longterm Trajectory * 14: Olle Häggström: Longtermism Cultural Evolution * Part 3: Ethical Priorities * 15: Amanda Askell and Sven Neth: The Hinge of History and the Choice between Patient and Urgent Longtermism * 16: Hilary Greaves and Christian Tarsney: How Much Should Governments Pay to Prevent Catastrophes? Longtermism's Limited Role * 17: Owen Cotton-Barratt and Rose Hadshar: Longtermist Myopia * 18: Gustav Alexandrie and Maya Eden: Minimal and Expansive Longtermism * 19: Michael Geruso and Dean Spears: What Would a Longtermist Society Look Like? * 20: Joe Carlsmith: Is Extinction Risk Mitigation Uniquely Cost-Effective? Not in Standard Population Models * 21: Richard Ngo and Adam Bales: Depopulation and Longtermism * 22: Kevin Kuruc and David Manley: Risk from Power-Seeking AI * 23: Heather Browning and Walter Veit: Existential Deceit and Power: Machine Learning and Misalignment * 24: The Ethics, Economics, and Demographics of Delaying Aging * 25: Andreas T. Schmidt and Jacob Barrett: Longtermism and Animals * Part 4: Institutions and Society * 26: H. Orri Stefánsson: Political Philosophy: An Agenda for Future Research * 27: Ilan Noy and Shakked Noy: Retrospective Accountability: A Mechanism for Representing Future Generations * 28: Eric Martínez and Christoph Winter: Longtermism and Social Risk-Taking * 29: Stefan Schubert, Lucius Caviola, Julian Savulescu, and Nadira S. Faber: The Short-Termism of 'Hard' Economics * 30: The Intuitive Appeal of Legal Protection for Future Generations * 31: Temporal Distance Reduces Ingroup Favoritism
* 1: Hilary Greaves and William MacAskill: Introduction Hilary Greaves, Jacob Barrett, and David Thorstad * Part 1: Evaluating the Case for Longtermism * 2: Johan E. Gustafsson and Petra Kosonen: The Case for Strong Longtermism * 3: Andreas L. Mogensen: Longtermism and Neutrality about More Lives * 4: Prudential Longtermism Christian Tarsney and Hayden Wilkinson * 5: Emma J. Curran: Would a a World thout Us Be Worse? Clues from Population Axiology * 6: Charlotte Franziska Unruh: Longtermism in an Infinite World * 7: Stefan Riedener: Longtermism and the Complaints of Future People * 8: Against a Moral Duty to Make the Future Go Best * 9: David Rhys Bernard and Eva Vivalt: Authenticity Meaning, and Alienation: Reasons to Care Less about Far-Future People * Part 2: Predicting and Evaluating the Future * 10: Philip Kitcher: what Are the Prospehcts of Forecasting the Far Future? * 11: Toby Ord: Taking the Long View: Paleobiological Perspectives on Longtermism * 12: Aron Vallinder: Coping with Myopia * 13: Shaping Humanity's Longterm Trajectory * 14: Olle Häggström: Longtermism Cultural Evolution * Part 3: Ethical Priorities * 15: Amanda Askell and Sven Neth: The Hinge of History and the Choice between Patient and Urgent Longtermism * 16: Hilary Greaves and Christian Tarsney: How Much Should Governments Pay to Prevent Catastrophes? Longtermism's Limited Role * 17: Owen Cotton-Barratt and Rose Hadshar: Longtermist Myopia * 18: Gustav Alexandrie and Maya Eden: Minimal and Expansive Longtermism * 19: Michael Geruso and Dean Spears: What Would a Longtermist Society Look Like? * 20: Joe Carlsmith: Is Extinction Risk Mitigation Uniquely Cost-Effective? Not in Standard Population Models * 21: Richard Ngo and Adam Bales: Depopulation and Longtermism * 22: Kevin Kuruc and David Manley: Risk from Power-Seeking AI * 23: Heather Browning and Walter Veit: Existential Deceit and Power: Machine Learning and Misalignment * 24: The Ethics, Economics, and Demographics of Delaying Aging * 25: Andreas T. Schmidt and Jacob Barrett: Longtermism and Animals * Part 4: Institutions and Society * 26: H. Orri Stefánsson: Political Philosophy: An Agenda for Future Research * 27: Ilan Noy and Shakked Noy: Retrospective Accountability: A Mechanism for Representing Future Generations * 28: Eric Martínez and Christoph Winter: Longtermism and Social Risk-Taking * 29: Stefan Schubert, Lucius Caviola, Julian Savulescu, and Nadira S. Faber: The Short-Termism of 'Hard' Economics * 30: The Intuitive Appeal of Legal Protection for Future Generations * 31: Temporal Distance Reduces Ingroup Favoritism
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