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The field of special education has been built by advocacy efforts of families, students, educators, and people with disabilities. This book provides educators with the tools they need to advocate successfully for themselves, their students, and their schools.
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The field of special education has been built by advocacy efforts of families, students, educators, and people with disabilities. This book provides educators with the tools they need to advocate successfully for themselves, their students, and their schools.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Special Education Law, Policy, and Practice
- Verlag: Rowman & Littlefield
- Seitenzahl: 206
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. August 2023
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 235mm x 157mm x 16mm
- Gewicht: 450g
- ISBN-13: 9781538172469
- ISBN-10: 1538172461
- Artikelnr.: 67656881
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- gpsr@libri.de
- Special Education Law, Policy, and Practice
- Verlag: Rowman & Littlefield
- Seitenzahl: 206
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. August 2023
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 235mm x 157mm x 16mm
- Gewicht: 450g
- ISBN-13: 9781538172469
- ISBN-10: 1538172461
- Artikelnr.: 67656881
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- gpsr@libri.de
Andrew M. Markelz Ph.D. is an associate professor in the department of educational foundations and exceptionalities at James Madison University. He is founding editor of the Journal of Special Education Preparation and has co-authored several books pertaining to special education law, advocacy, and research. Dr. Markelz has also served as a court appointed special advocate (CASA) for many years. Through research and practice, he is committed to expediting the novice-to-expert teaching curve by preparing special educators to implement proactive classroom management strategies and develop meaningful and legally defensible individualized education programs.
Preface
Section I: Foundations of Special Education
1 The Government
What Are the Three Branches of Government?
Table 1.1. Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch Senate House of Representatives Executive Branch Table
1.2. List of 15 Departments within the US President's Cabinet
Judicial Branch Figure 1.1. Geographic Boundaries of US Court of Appeals
and US District Courts
Table 1.3. The US Circuit Court of Appeals
How Are Laws Created?
Statutory Law Regulatory Law Case Law How Do the Three Branches of
Government and Sources of Law Interact?
Figure 1.2. The Three Branches of Government
Why Is Knowing about the US Government Important for Advocacy?
Where Can I Find More Information about the US Government?
Constitution Center USA.gov YouTube Harry S. Truman Library Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
2 A History of Advocacy
How Has Advocacy Affected Special Education?
Before the Education for All Handicapped Children Act After the Education
for All Handicapped Children Act Figure 2.1. The Gears of Special Education
Who Are Some Key Historical Advocates in Special Education?
Parents as Advocates Educators as Advocates Why Advocate for Special
Education Today?
For Students For Teachers How Do You Advocate for Special Education?
Figure 2.2. The Five Rings of Advocacy
Where Can I Find More Information on the History of Advocacy?
Essentials of Special Education Law Council for Exceptional Children US
Department of Education Elizabeth Farrell and the History of Special
Education Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section II: Rings of Advocacy
3 Ring of Self Advocacy
Figure 3.1. Self-Advocacy Ring
What Is the Self-Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Self-Advocacy?
Curricular Resources Role Definition Inclusion Student Behavior
Professional Relationships Special Education Teachers of Color Workload
Manageability In Summary Table 3.1. Common Issues Facing Special Education
Teachers
How Do You Advocate for Yourself?
Figure 3.2. How to Self-Advocate
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Figure 3.3. The
LAFF Don't Cry Active Listening Strategy
Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information on Self-Advocacy?
From the Field TEACHING Exceptional Children Special Issue on Self-Advocacy
Self-Advocacy: Improving Your Life by Speaking Up Speaking Up Is Hard to Do
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
4 Ring of Classroom Advocacy
Figure 4.1. The Classroom Advocacy Ring
What Is the Classroom Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Classroom Advocacy?
Instructional Best Practices Evidence-Based Practices Table 4.1.
Evidence-Based Practices across Subjects
Universal Design for Learning Multitiered Systems of Support . IEP Legal
Compliance
Free Appropriate Public Education Least Restrictive Environment .
Self-Advocacy through Co-Advocacy
How Do You Advocate for Students in Your Classroom?
Figure 4.2. Strategies and Examples for Successful Classroom-Level Advocacy
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Classroom Advocacy?
Evidence-Based Practices IRIS Module Response to Intervention:
Collaborating to Target Instruction Universal Design for Learning
Guidelines Universal Design for Learning IRIS Module What Is MTSS? A Blog
Post Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
5 Ring of School Advocacy
Figure 5.1. The School Advocacy Ring
What Is the School Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for School Advocacy?
Related Services Busing Procedures Pull-Out Scheduling Placement
Predetermination Discipline Policies Adapted Physical Education How Do You
Advocate for Students in Your School?
Identify and Understand the Problem Figure 5.2. Organizational Leadership
Structure
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information
on School Advocacy?
Advocating for School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports
Lecture on Placement Decisions by Dr. Mitchell Yell Positive, Proactive
Approaches to Supporting Children with Disabilities School Discipline for
Students with Disabilities Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
6 Ring of State Advocacy
Figure 6.1. The State Advocacy Ring
What Is the State Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for State Advocacy?
Teacher Licensure Reading Wars Hot-Button Issues Standardized Assessments
How Do You Advocate at the State Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Table 6.1. Advocacy Meeting Checklist
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Figure 6.2. Kingdon's Three Streams
Model
Where Can I Find More Information on State-Level Advocacy?
CEC State and Provincial Units FindLaw.com 50 State Survey of Special
Education Laws and Regulations USA.gov Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
7 Ring of Federal Advocacy
Figure 7.1. The Federal Advocacy Ring
What Is the Federal Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
Figure 7.2. Differences between Federal and State Laws
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Federal Advocacy?
Funding for IDEA Federal Funding to Support Teachers Table 7.1. Federal
Funding for Teachers
Promoting Diversity in Teacher Education Alternative Routes into the
Profession How Do You Advocate at the Federal Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Federal-Level Advocacy?
Advocating for the Common Good: People, Politics, Process, and Policy on
Capitol Hill Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Site Policy
Insider Special Education Legislative Summit Your Voice Matters: A
Practitioner's Guide for Engaging in Policy through Advocacy Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section III: Advocacy in Practice
8 Inclusion of Students with Disabilities
Figure 8.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are the Issues Concerning Inclusion of Students with Disabilities?
Table 8.1. Circuit Court Tests When Determining Least Restrictive
Environment
How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy Concerning Issues of Inclusion?
The Problem Mr. Jacobs's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Classroom Advocacy Ring School Advocacy Ring State Advocacy Ring Federal
Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information about
Inclusion?
2TeachLLC Blog Intervention in School and Clinic IRIS Center Information
Brief: LRE Six Co-Teaching Models Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
9 The Special Education Teacher Shortage
What Are the Issues Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Retaining Special Education Teachers Attracting Special Education Teachers
Preparing Special Education Teachers How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Table 9.1. Strategies to Mitigate Special Education Teacher Shortages
The Problem Miss Lazaroni's Solution Rings of Advocacy Figure 9.1. The Five
Rings of Advocacy
Self-Advocacy RingClassroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy RingState Advocacy
RingFederal Advocacy RingIn Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information
about Teacher Shortages?
American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) Action
Alerts Journal of Special Education Preparation Teacher Education Division,
Council for Exceptional Children Teacher Education and Special Education
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
10 Inequities in Special Education
Figure 10.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are Some Issues Concerning Inequities in Special Education?
Disproportionality Exclusionary Discipline and Restraint and Seclusion
Pandemic-Related Learning Loss How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning Issues of Equity?
The Problem Miss Jackson's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Figure 10.2. The Purpose of an Equity Team
Classroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy Ring Table 10.1. Disaggregated
Discipline Referral
State Advocacy Ring Federal Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find
More Information about Inequities in Special Education?
Significant Disproportionality in Special Education by State School
Discipline for Students with Disabilities What Is Culturally Responsive
Teaching? Center for Learner Equity US Department of Education Office for
Civil Rights Guidance on Discipline for Students with Disabilities Key
Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Index
About the Authors
Section I: Foundations of Special Education
1 The Government
What Are the Three Branches of Government?
Table 1.1. Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch Senate House of Representatives Executive Branch Table
1.2. List of 15 Departments within the US President's Cabinet
Judicial Branch Figure 1.1. Geographic Boundaries of US Court of Appeals
and US District Courts
Table 1.3. The US Circuit Court of Appeals
How Are Laws Created?
Statutory Law Regulatory Law Case Law How Do the Three Branches of
Government and Sources of Law Interact?
Figure 1.2. The Three Branches of Government
Why Is Knowing about the US Government Important for Advocacy?
Where Can I Find More Information about the US Government?
Constitution Center USA.gov YouTube Harry S. Truman Library Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
2 A History of Advocacy
How Has Advocacy Affected Special Education?
Before the Education for All Handicapped Children Act After the Education
for All Handicapped Children Act Figure 2.1. The Gears of Special Education
Who Are Some Key Historical Advocates in Special Education?
Parents as Advocates Educators as Advocates Why Advocate for Special
Education Today?
For Students For Teachers How Do You Advocate for Special Education?
Figure 2.2. The Five Rings of Advocacy
Where Can I Find More Information on the History of Advocacy?
Essentials of Special Education Law Council for Exceptional Children US
Department of Education Elizabeth Farrell and the History of Special
Education Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section II: Rings of Advocacy
3 Ring of Self Advocacy
Figure 3.1. Self-Advocacy Ring
What Is the Self-Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Self-Advocacy?
Curricular Resources Role Definition Inclusion Student Behavior
Professional Relationships Special Education Teachers of Color Workload
Manageability In Summary Table 3.1. Common Issues Facing Special Education
Teachers
How Do You Advocate for Yourself?
Figure 3.2. How to Self-Advocate
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Figure 3.3. The
LAFF Don't Cry Active Listening Strategy
Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information on Self-Advocacy?
From the Field TEACHING Exceptional Children Special Issue on Self-Advocacy
Self-Advocacy: Improving Your Life by Speaking Up Speaking Up Is Hard to Do
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
4 Ring of Classroom Advocacy
Figure 4.1. The Classroom Advocacy Ring
What Is the Classroom Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Classroom Advocacy?
Instructional Best Practices Evidence-Based Practices Table 4.1.
Evidence-Based Practices across Subjects
Universal Design for Learning Multitiered Systems of Support . IEP Legal
Compliance
Free Appropriate Public Education Least Restrictive Environment .
Self-Advocacy through Co-Advocacy
How Do You Advocate for Students in Your Classroom?
Figure 4.2. Strategies and Examples for Successful Classroom-Level Advocacy
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Classroom Advocacy?
Evidence-Based Practices IRIS Module Response to Intervention:
Collaborating to Target Instruction Universal Design for Learning
Guidelines Universal Design for Learning IRIS Module What Is MTSS? A Blog
Post Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
5 Ring of School Advocacy
Figure 5.1. The School Advocacy Ring
What Is the School Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for School Advocacy?
Related Services Busing Procedures Pull-Out Scheduling Placement
Predetermination Discipline Policies Adapted Physical Education How Do You
Advocate for Students in Your School?
Identify and Understand the Problem Figure 5.2. Organizational Leadership
Structure
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information
on School Advocacy?
Advocating for School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports
Lecture on Placement Decisions by Dr. Mitchell Yell Positive, Proactive
Approaches to Supporting Children with Disabilities School Discipline for
Students with Disabilities Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
6 Ring of State Advocacy
Figure 6.1. The State Advocacy Ring
What Is the State Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for State Advocacy?
Teacher Licensure Reading Wars Hot-Button Issues Standardized Assessments
How Do You Advocate at the State Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Table 6.1. Advocacy Meeting Checklist
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Figure 6.2. Kingdon's Three Streams
Model
Where Can I Find More Information on State-Level Advocacy?
CEC State and Provincial Units FindLaw.com 50 State Survey of Special
Education Laws and Regulations USA.gov Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
7 Ring of Federal Advocacy
Figure 7.1. The Federal Advocacy Ring
What Is the Federal Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
Figure 7.2. Differences between Federal and State Laws
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Federal Advocacy?
Funding for IDEA Federal Funding to Support Teachers Table 7.1. Federal
Funding for Teachers
Promoting Diversity in Teacher Education Alternative Routes into the
Profession How Do You Advocate at the Federal Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Federal-Level Advocacy?
Advocating for the Common Good: People, Politics, Process, and Policy on
Capitol Hill Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Site Policy
Insider Special Education Legislative Summit Your Voice Matters: A
Practitioner's Guide for Engaging in Policy through Advocacy Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section III: Advocacy in Practice
8 Inclusion of Students with Disabilities
Figure 8.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are the Issues Concerning Inclusion of Students with Disabilities?
Table 8.1. Circuit Court Tests When Determining Least Restrictive
Environment
How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy Concerning Issues of Inclusion?
The Problem Mr. Jacobs's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Classroom Advocacy Ring School Advocacy Ring State Advocacy Ring Federal
Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information about
Inclusion?
2TeachLLC Blog Intervention in School and Clinic IRIS Center Information
Brief: LRE Six Co-Teaching Models Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
9 The Special Education Teacher Shortage
What Are the Issues Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Retaining Special Education Teachers Attracting Special Education Teachers
Preparing Special Education Teachers How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Table 9.1. Strategies to Mitigate Special Education Teacher Shortages
The Problem Miss Lazaroni's Solution Rings of Advocacy Figure 9.1. The Five
Rings of Advocacy
Self-Advocacy RingClassroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy RingState Advocacy
RingFederal Advocacy RingIn Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information
about Teacher Shortages?
American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) Action
Alerts Journal of Special Education Preparation Teacher Education Division,
Council for Exceptional Children Teacher Education and Special Education
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
10 Inequities in Special Education
Figure 10.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are Some Issues Concerning Inequities in Special Education?
Disproportionality Exclusionary Discipline and Restraint and Seclusion
Pandemic-Related Learning Loss How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning Issues of Equity?
The Problem Miss Jackson's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Figure 10.2. The Purpose of an Equity Team
Classroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy Ring Table 10.1. Disaggregated
Discipline Referral
State Advocacy Ring Federal Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find
More Information about Inequities in Special Education?
Significant Disproportionality in Special Education by State School
Discipline for Students with Disabilities What Is Culturally Responsive
Teaching? Center for Learner Equity US Department of Education Office for
Civil Rights Guidance on Discipline for Students with Disabilities Key
Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Index
About the Authors
Preface
Section I: Foundations of Special Education
1 The Government
What Are the Three Branches of Government?
Table 1.1. Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch Senate House of Representatives Executive Branch Table
1.2. List of 15 Departments within the US President's Cabinet
Judicial Branch Figure 1.1. Geographic Boundaries of US Court of Appeals
and US District Courts
Table 1.3. The US Circuit Court of Appeals
How Are Laws Created?
Statutory Law Regulatory Law Case Law How Do the Three Branches of
Government and Sources of Law Interact?
Figure 1.2. The Three Branches of Government
Why Is Knowing about the US Government Important for Advocacy?
Where Can I Find More Information about the US Government?
Constitution Center USA.gov YouTube Harry S. Truman Library Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
2 A History of Advocacy
How Has Advocacy Affected Special Education?
Before the Education for All Handicapped Children Act After the Education
for All Handicapped Children Act Figure 2.1. The Gears of Special Education
Who Are Some Key Historical Advocates in Special Education?
Parents as Advocates Educators as Advocates Why Advocate for Special
Education Today?
For Students For Teachers How Do You Advocate for Special Education?
Figure 2.2. The Five Rings of Advocacy
Where Can I Find More Information on the History of Advocacy?
Essentials of Special Education Law Council for Exceptional Children US
Department of Education Elizabeth Farrell and the History of Special
Education Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section II: Rings of Advocacy
3 Ring of Self Advocacy
Figure 3.1. Self-Advocacy Ring
What Is the Self-Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Self-Advocacy?
Curricular Resources Role Definition Inclusion Student Behavior
Professional Relationships Special Education Teachers of Color Workload
Manageability In Summary Table 3.1. Common Issues Facing Special Education
Teachers
How Do You Advocate for Yourself?
Figure 3.2. How to Self-Advocate
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Figure 3.3. The
LAFF Don't Cry Active Listening Strategy
Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information on Self-Advocacy?
From the Field TEACHING Exceptional Children Special Issue on Self-Advocacy
Self-Advocacy: Improving Your Life by Speaking Up Speaking Up Is Hard to Do
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
4 Ring of Classroom Advocacy
Figure 4.1. The Classroom Advocacy Ring
What Is the Classroom Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Classroom Advocacy?
Instructional Best Practices Evidence-Based Practices Table 4.1.
Evidence-Based Practices across Subjects
Universal Design for Learning Multitiered Systems of Support . IEP Legal
Compliance
Free Appropriate Public Education Least Restrictive Environment .
Self-Advocacy through Co-Advocacy
How Do You Advocate for Students in Your Classroom?
Figure 4.2. Strategies and Examples for Successful Classroom-Level Advocacy
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Classroom Advocacy?
Evidence-Based Practices IRIS Module Response to Intervention:
Collaborating to Target Instruction Universal Design for Learning
Guidelines Universal Design for Learning IRIS Module What Is MTSS? A Blog
Post Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
5 Ring of School Advocacy
Figure 5.1. The School Advocacy Ring
What Is the School Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for School Advocacy?
Related Services Busing Procedures Pull-Out Scheduling Placement
Predetermination Discipline Policies Adapted Physical Education How Do You
Advocate for Students in Your School?
Identify and Understand the Problem Figure 5.2. Organizational Leadership
Structure
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information
on School Advocacy?
Advocating for School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports
Lecture on Placement Decisions by Dr. Mitchell Yell Positive, Proactive
Approaches to Supporting Children with Disabilities School Discipline for
Students with Disabilities Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
6 Ring of State Advocacy
Figure 6.1. The State Advocacy Ring
What Is the State Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for State Advocacy?
Teacher Licensure Reading Wars Hot-Button Issues Standardized Assessments
How Do You Advocate at the State Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Table 6.1. Advocacy Meeting Checklist
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Figure 6.2. Kingdon's Three Streams
Model
Where Can I Find More Information on State-Level Advocacy?
CEC State and Provincial Units FindLaw.com 50 State Survey of Special
Education Laws and Regulations USA.gov Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
7 Ring of Federal Advocacy
Figure 7.1. The Federal Advocacy Ring
What Is the Federal Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
Figure 7.2. Differences between Federal and State Laws
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Federal Advocacy?
Funding for IDEA Federal Funding to Support Teachers Table 7.1. Federal
Funding for Teachers
Promoting Diversity in Teacher Education Alternative Routes into the
Profession How Do You Advocate at the Federal Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Federal-Level Advocacy?
Advocating for the Common Good: People, Politics, Process, and Policy on
Capitol Hill Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Site Policy
Insider Special Education Legislative Summit Your Voice Matters: A
Practitioner's Guide for Engaging in Policy through Advocacy Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section III: Advocacy in Practice
8 Inclusion of Students with Disabilities
Figure 8.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are the Issues Concerning Inclusion of Students with Disabilities?
Table 8.1. Circuit Court Tests When Determining Least Restrictive
Environment
How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy Concerning Issues of Inclusion?
The Problem Mr. Jacobs's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Classroom Advocacy Ring School Advocacy Ring State Advocacy Ring Federal
Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information about
Inclusion?
2TeachLLC Blog Intervention in School and Clinic IRIS Center Information
Brief: LRE Six Co-Teaching Models Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
9 The Special Education Teacher Shortage
What Are the Issues Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Retaining Special Education Teachers Attracting Special Education Teachers
Preparing Special Education Teachers How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Table 9.1. Strategies to Mitigate Special Education Teacher Shortages
The Problem Miss Lazaroni's Solution Rings of Advocacy Figure 9.1. The Five
Rings of Advocacy
Self-Advocacy RingClassroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy RingState Advocacy
RingFederal Advocacy RingIn Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information
about Teacher Shortages?
American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) Action
Alerts Journal of Special Education Preparation Teacher Education Division,
Council for Exceptional Children Teacher Education and Special Education
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
10 Inequities in Special Education
Figure 10.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are Some Issues Concerning Inequities in Special Education?
Disproportionality Exclusionary Discipline and Restraint and Seclusion
Pandemic-Related Learning Loss How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning Issues of Equity?
The Problem Miss Jackson's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Figure 10.2. The Purpose of an Equity Team
Classroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy Ring Table 10.1. Disaggregated
Discipline Referral
State Advocacy Ring Federal Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find
More Information about Inequities in Special Education?
Significant Disproportionality in Special Education by State School
Discipline for Students with Disabilities What Is Culturally Responsive
Teaching? Center for Learner Equity US Department of Education Office for
Civil Rights Guidance on Discipline for Students with Disabilities Key
Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Index
About the Authors
Section I: Foundations of Special Education
1 The Government
What Are the Three Branches of Government?
Table 1.1. Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch Senate House of Representatives Executive Branch Table
1.2. List of 15 Departments within the US President's Cabinet
Judicial Branch Figure 1.1. Geographic Boundaries of US Court of Appeals
and US District Courts
Table 1.3. The US Circuit Court of Appeals
How Are Laws Created?
Statutory Law Regulatory Law Case Law How Do the Three Branches of
Government and Sources of Law Interact?
Figure 1.2. The Three Branches of Government
Why Is Knowing about the US Government Important for Advocacy?
Where Can I Find More Information about the US Government?
Constitution Center USA.gov YouTube Harry S. Truman Library Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
2 A History of Advocacy
How Has Advocacy Affected Special Education?
Before the Education for All Handicapped Children Act After the Education
for All Handicapped Children Act Figure 2.1. The Gears of Special Education
Who Are Some Key Historical Advocates in Special Education?
Parents as Advocates Educators as Advocates Why Advocate for Special
Education Today?
For Students For Teachers How Do You Advocate for Special Education?
Figure 2.2. The Five Rings of Advocacy
Where Can I Find More Information on the History of Advocacy?
Essentials of Special Education Law Council for Exceptional Children US
Department of Education Elizabeth Farrell and the History of Special
Education Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section II: Rings of Advocacy
3 Ring of Self Advocacy
Figure 3.1. Self-Advocacy Ring
What Is the Self-Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Self-Advocacy?
Curricular Resources Role Definition Inclusion Student Behavior
Professional Relationships Special Education Teachers of Color Workload
Manageability In Summary Table 3.1. Common Issues Facing Special Education
Teachers
How Do You Advocate for Yourself?
Figure 3.2. How to Self-Advocate
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Figure 3.3. The
LAFF Don't Cry Active Listening Strategy
Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information on Self-Advocacy?
From the Field TEACHING Exceptional Children Special Issue on Self-Advocacy
Self-Advocacy: Improving Your Life by Speaking Up Speaking Up Is Hard to Do
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
4 Ring of Classroom Advocacy
Figure 4.1. The Classroom Advocacy Ring
What Is the Classroom Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Classroom Advocacy?
Instructional Best Practices Evidence-Based Practices Table 4.1.
Evidence-Based Practices across Subjects
Universal Design for Learning Multitiered Systems of Support . IEP Legal
Compliance
Free Appropriate Public Education Least Restrictive Environment .
Self-Advocacy through Co-Advocacy
How Do You Advocate for Students in Your Classroom?
Figure 4.2. Strategies and Examples for Successful Classroom-Level Advocacy
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Classroom Advocacy?
Evidence-Based Practices IRIS Module Response to Intervention:
Collaborating to Target Instruction Universal Design for Learning
Guidelines Universal Design for Learning IRIS Module What Is MTSS? A Blog
Post Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
5 Ring of School Advocacy
Figure 5.1. The School Advocacy Ring
What Is the School Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for School Advocacy?
Related Services Busing Procedures Pull-Out Scheduling Placement
Predetermination Discipline Policies Adapted Physical Education How Do You
Advocate for Students in Your School?
Identify and Understand the Problem Figure 5.2. Organizational Leadership
Structure
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Where Can I Find More Information
on School Advocacy?
Advocating for School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports
Lecture on Placement Decisions by Dr. Mitchell Yell Positive, Proactive
Approaches to Supporting Children with Disabilities School Discipline for
Students with Disabilities Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
6 Ring of State Advocacy
Figure 6.1. The State Advocacy Ring
What Is the State Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
What Are Some Current Opportunities for State Advocacy?
Teacher Licensure Reading Wars Hot-Button Issues Standardized Assessments
How Do You Advocate at the State Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Table 6.1. Advocacy Meeting Checklist
Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions Figure 6.2. Kingdon's Three Streams
Model
Where Can I Find More Information on State-Level Advocacy?
CEC State and Provincial Units FindLaw.com 50 State Survey of Special
Education Laws and Regulations USA.gov Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
7 Ring of Federal Advocacy
Figure 7.1. The Federal Advocacy Ring
What Is the Federal Advocacy Ring and Why Is It Important?
Figure 7.2. Differences between Federal and State Laws
What Are Some Current Opportunities for Federal Advocacy?
Funding for IDEA Federal Funding to Support Teachers Table 7.1. Federal
Funding for Teachers
Promoting Diversity in Teacher Education Alternative Routes into the
Profession How Do You Advocate at the Federal Level?
Identify and Understand the Problem Invite Stakeholders Determine Solutions
Where Can I Find More Information on Federal-Level Advocacy?
Advocating for the Common Good: People, Politics, Process, and Policy on
Capitol Hill Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Site Policy
Insider Special Education Legislative Summit Your Voice Matters: A
Practitioner's Guide for Engaging in Policy through Advocacy Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Section III: Advocacy in Practice
8 Inclusion of Students with Disabilities
Figure 8.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are the Issues Concerning Inclusion of Students with Disabilities?
Table 8.1. Circuit Court Tests When Determining Least Restrictive
Environment
How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy Concerning Issues of Inclusion?
The Problem Mr. Jacobs's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Classroom Advocacy Ring School Advocacy Ring State Advocacy Ring Federal
Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information about
Inclusion?
2TeachLLC Blog Intervention in School and Clinic IRIS Center Information
Brief: LRE Six Co-Teaching Models Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
9 The Special Education Teacher Shortage
What Are the Issues Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Retaining Special Education Teachers Attracting Special Education Teachers
Preparing Special Education Teachers How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning the Special Education Teacher Shortage?
Table 9.1. Strategies to Mitigate Special Education Teacher Shortages
The Problem Miss Lazaroni's Solution Rings of Advocacy Figure 9.1. The Five
Rings of Advocacy
Self-Advocacy RingClassroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy RingState Advocacy
RingFederal Advocacy RingIn Conclusion Where Can I Find More Information
about Teacher Shortages?
American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (AACTE) Action
Alerts Journal of Special Education Preparation Teacher Education Division,
Council for Exceptional Children Teacher Education and Special Education
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
References
10 Inequities in Special Education
Figure 10.1. The Five Rings of Advocacy
What Are Some Issues Concerning Inequities in Special Education?
Disproportionality Exclusionary Discipline and Restraint and Seclusion
Pandemic-Related Learning Loss How Do You Use the Rings of Advocacy
Concerning Issues of Equity?
The Problem Miss Jackson's Solution Rings of Advocacy Self-Advocacy Ring
Figure 10.2. The Purpose of an Equity Team
Classroom Advocacy RingSchool Advocacy Ring Table 10.1. Disaggregated
Discipline Referral
State Advocacy Ring Federal Advocacy Ring In Conclusion Where Can I Find
More Information about Inequities in Special Education?
Significant Disproportionality in Special Education by State School
Discipline for Students with Disabilities What Is Culturally Responsive
Teaching? Center for Learner Equity US Department of Education Office for
Civil Rights Guidance on Discipline for Students with Disabilities Key
Terms
Discussion Questions
References
Index
About the Authors







