The idea of evolution is neither similar to the laws of physics, nor does it have the character of being experienced by a person's heart and soul. It is simply the subject matter of belief, attained solely by observing the abundance of creatures in nature and by interpreting some of the changes in living beings. From this point, the "Hypothesis of Evolution" is just like a matter of belief—and yet, it is also a kind of creed. Religion is the main source for the values which shape a person's life. So, too, belief in Evolution influences the lives of those who adhere to it, and it is a main…mehr
The idea of evolution is neither similar to the laws of physics, nor does it have the character of being experienced by a person's heart and soul. It is simply the subject matter of belief, attained solely by observing the abundance of creatures in nature and by interpreting some of the changes in living beings. From this point, the "Hypothesis of Evolution" is just like a matter of belief—and yet, it is also a kind of creed. Religion is the main source for the values which shape a person's life. So, too, belief in Evolution influences the lives of those who adhere to it, and it is a main cause, just like a religion, in shaping their lives. And certainly, those who believe in Evolution should have the freedom to "practice" and teach their beliefs. But it cannot be acceptable for them to attack those who believe in divine religions and do not think in the same way they do, or for them to consider their opponents to be enemies of science. The agreement between religion and science was broken by the idea of evolution's assignment of perfect structures and mechanisms that operate in the universe to mindless and unconscious random operations of natural laws, instead of assigning the creation of them to the Creator. Scientific thought became detached from religious sanctity, simultaneously, science became a taboo which could not be challenged. Evolution: Science or Ideology? aims to show how the theory of evolution has been abused to deny religious thought, and that the scientific evidence set forth to prove it actually serves the opposite.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................................vii 1. A Perspective on Science and Belief ........................................................ 1 2. Arguments on the Origin of Life .......................................................... 15 3. Evolution and Creation: What Do They Promise? ................................ 29 4. Biological Mechanisms in Nature ........................................................ 39 Natural selection or the food chain of the ecosystem? ........................... 42 Mutation: A Mysterious Key, or Random Bullets Not Missing the Target? ....................................................................... 53 The Cell and Genetics ..................................................................... 53 Experiments and Observations ........................................................ 65 Macro mutations ............................................................................. 68 Can Struggle Explain Everything By Itself? ..................................... 71 Adaptation, or Genetic Insurance of Survival? ...................................... 74 Natural Selection and Adaptation from the Perspective of Creation ......81 Fugitives from the Gene Pool ............................................................... 86 Static and Dynamic Species: The Secret of Adaptation ................... 97 5. Evidence for the Theory of Evolution, or Preconceived Opinions? .... 101 What Do Paleontology and Geology Say? .......................................... 103 Dating according to scenario ........................................................ 105 Carbon-14 Dating: A Method with Limited Validity.................... 119 Mass Extinction – Discontinous Creation ..................................... 127 The Validity of Geological Evidence ............................................. 139 Intermediate Forms ............................................................................ 148 From Fish to Amphibians ............................................................. 152 From the Land to the Sea / From the Sea to the Land ................. 154 Transition from Invertebrates to Vertebrates ................................ 158 From Reptiles to Birds ................................................................. 159 From Reptiles to Mammals .......................................................... 163 The Horse Story ........................................................................... 167 Climbing Up the Stairs or Taking the Elevator? ................................. 170 Link with Marxism ....................................................................... 179 Is Similarity in Appearance Sufficient? ................................................ 182 What Do Molecular Biology and Genetics Say? .................................. 194 Embryology ........................................................................................ 206 Vestigial Organs? .......................................................................... 212 Homology or a Common Plan in Creation......................................... 218 6. From the Beginning of the Universe to the Chosen Earth .................. 223 Explosion: Bull’s Eye .......................................................................... 237 The Chosen Planet.............................................................................. 239 7. From an Inorganic to an Organic World: Dice Turning Up Double Six Each Time .................................................................. 241 From Inanimate to Animate ............................................................... 246 8. Probability Calculations ...................................................................... 269 9. Toward a Model of Creation .............................................................. 287 If There Is A Work of Art, Then There Is An Artist ........................... 293 In Between Religion and Science ........................................................ 302 The Future of Darwinism ................................................................... 306 Closing Remarks ...................................................................................... 321 Notes ....................................................................................................... 325 Bibliography ............................................................................................. 335 Index ........................................................................................................ 343
TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................................vii 1. A Perspective on Science and Belief ........................................................ 1 2. Arguments on the Origin of Life .......................................................... 15 3. Evolution and Creation: What Do They Promise? ................................ 29 4. Biological Mechanisms in Nature ........................................................ 39 Natural selection or the food chain of the ecosystem? ........................... 42 Mutation: A Mysterious Key, or Random Bullets Not Missing the Target? ....................................................................... 53 The Cell and Genetics ..................................................................... 53 Experiments and Observations ........................................................ 65 Macro mutations ............................................................................. 68 Can Struggle Explain Everything By Itself? ..................................... 71 Adaptation, or Genetic Insurance of Survival? ...................................... 74 Natural Selection and Adaptation from the Perspective of Creation ......81 Fugitives from the Gene Pool ............................................................... 86 Static and Dynamic Species: The Secret of Adaptation ................... 97 5. Evidence for the Theory of Evolution, or Preconceived Opinions? .... 101 What Do Paleontology and Geology Say? .......................................... 103 Dating according to scenario ........................................................ 105 Carbon-14 Dating: A Method with Limited Validity.................... 119 Mass Extinction – Discontinous Creation ..................................... 127 The Validity of Geological Evidence ............................................. 139 Intermediate Forms ............................................................................ 148 From Fish to Amphibians ............................................................. 152 From the Land to the Sea / From the Sea to the Land ................. 154 Transition from Invertebrates to Vertebrates ................................ 158 From Reptiles to Birds ................................................................. 159 From Reptiles to Mammals .......................................................... 163 The Horse Story ........................................................................... 167 Climbing Up the Stairs or Taking the Elevator? ................................. 170 Link with Marxism ....................................................................... 179 Is Similarity in Appearance Sufficient? ................................................ 182 What Do Molecular Biology and Genetics Say? .................................. 194 Embryology ........................................................................................ 206 Vestigial Organs? .......................................................................... 212 Homology or a Common Plan in Creation......................................... 218 6. From the Beginning of the Universe to the Chosen Earth .................. 223 Explosion: Bull’s Eye .......................................................................... 237 The Chosen Planet.............................................................................. 239 7. From an Inorganic to an Organic World: Dice Turning Up Double Six Each Time .................................................................. 241 From Inanimate to Animate ............................................................... 246 8. Probability Calculations ...................................................................... 269 9. Toward a Model of Creation .............................................................. 287 If There Is A Work of Art, Then There Is An Artist ........................... 293 In Between Religion and Science ........................................................ 302 The Future of Darwinism ................................................................... 306 Closing Remarks ...................................................................................... 321 Notes ....................................................................................................... 325 Bibliography ............................................................................................. 335 Index ........................................................................................................ 343
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