Originally published in 1901, this book was intended for students of physics to become acquainted with the principles and methods of accurate measurement in laboratories. Aimed as a reference guide for undergraduates to develop and reinforce their understanding of elementary physics, the book is divided into six sections: preliminary, general physics, heat, sound, light, and magnetism and electricity. Within each of these sections, multiple experiments are contained and instructions are provided on how to carry out each experiment, whilst notes are also provided for teachers on how to measure…mehr
Originally published in 1901, this book was intended for students of physics to become acquainted with the principles and methods of accurate measurement in laboratories. Aimed as a reference guide for undergraduates to develop and reinforce their understanding of elementary physics, the book is divided into six sections: preliminary, general physics, heat, sound, light, and magnetism and electricity. Within each of these sections, multiple experiments are contained and instructions are provided on how to carry out each experiment, whilst notes are also provided for teachers on how to measure and check accurately the results obtained. Multiple diagrams and tables are also included throughout to assist with learning. This book will be a valuable resource to students, teachers and researchers of physics and to anyone with an interest in the history of science education.
Preface Preface to the fifth edition Part I. Preliminary: 1. Treatment of observations 2. Measurement of length 3. Measurement of intervals of time 4. Calibration of a spirit level 5. Calibration of a graduated tube Part II. General Physics: 6. The balance 7. Accurate weighing with the balance 8. Density of a solid 9. Density of a liquid 10. Moments of inertia 11. Gravitational acceleration by reversible pendulum 12. Young's modulus by the bending of beams 13. Modulus of rigidity 14. Viscosity 15. Surface tension Part III. Heat: 16. Coefficient of expansion of a solid 17. Thermal expansion of a liquid 18. Coefficient of increase of pressure of a gas with temperature 19. Coefficient of expansion of a gas as constant pressure 20. Effect of pressure on the boiling point of a liquid 21. Laws of cooling 22. Cooling correction in calorimetry 23. Specific heat of quartz 24. Latent heat of water 25. Latent heat of steam 26. Heat of solution of a salt 27. The mechanical equivalent of heat Part IV. Sound: 28. Frequency of a tuning fork by the syren 29. The velocity of sound in air and other bodies by Kundt's method 30. Study of vibrations of tuning forks by means of Lissajous' figures Part V. Light: 31. Angles by the optical method 32. The sextant 33. Curvatures and powers of lenses 34. Index of refraction by total reflection 35. Resolving power of a lens 36. The prism spectroscope 37. Reduction of spectroscopic measurements to an absolute scale 38. The spectrometer 39. Refractive index and dispersion of a solid by the spectrometer 40. Refractive index and dispersion of a liquid. Specific refractive powers 41. Photometry 42. Interference of light. The biprism 43. Newton's rings 44. Wave length of light by the diffraction grating 45. Rotation of plane by polarisation 46. Saccharimetry Part VI. Magnetism and Electricity: 47. Horizontal components of magnetic fields 48. Magnetic dip 49. Magnetisation curves 50. The water voltameter 51. The copper voltameter 52. Adjustment and standardisation of galvanometers 53. The Post Office resistance bridge 54. High resistances 55. Low resistances 56. The resistance of a galvanometer 57. The resistance of a cell 58. Comparison of resistance standards 59. Change of resistance with temperature 60. The resistance of electrolytes 61. Construction of a standard cell 62. Electromotive forces 63. The potentiometer method of measuring currents 64. Thermo-electric circuits 65. The mechanical equivalent of heat by the electric method 66. Induction of electric currents 67. Standardisation of a ballistic galvanometer 68. The self-inductance of a coil 69. Comparison of self and mutual inductances 70. Leakage and absorption in condensers 71. Comparison of condensers 72. The capacitance of a condenser 73. High resistance by condenser 74. The characteristic curves of a triode tube 75. The quadrant electrometer 76. Ionisation currents by electrometer Appendix. Details of dimensions of apparatus Index.
Preface Preface to the fifth edition Part I. Preliminary: 1. Treatment of observations 2. Measurement of length 3. Measurement of intervals of time 4. Calibration of a spirit level 5. Calibration of a graduated tube Part II. General Physics: 6. The balance 7. Accurate weighing with the balance 8. Density of a solid 9. Density of a liquid 10. Moments of inertia 11. Gravitational acceleration by reversible pendulum 12. Young's modulus by the bending of beams 13. Modulus of rigidity 14. Viscosity 15. Surface tension Part III. Heat: 16. Coefficient of expansion of a solid 17. Thermal expansion of a liquid 18. Coefficient of increase of pressure of a gas with temperature 19. Coefficient of expansion of a gas as constant pressure 20. Effect of pressure on the boiling point of a liquid 21. Laws of cooling 22. Cooling correction in calorimetry 23. Specific heat of quartz 24. Latent heat of water 25. Latent heat of steam 26. Heat of solution of a salt 27. The mechanical equivalent of heat Part IV. Sound: 28. Frequency of a tuning fork by the syren 29. The velocity of sound in air and other bodies by Kundt's method 30. Study of vibrations of tuning forks by means of Lissajous' figures Part V. Light: 31. Angles by the optical method 32. The sextant 33. Curvatures and powers of lenses 34. Index of refraction by total reflection 35. Resolving power of a lens 36. The prism spectroscope 37. Reduction of spectroscopic measurements to an absolute scale 38. The spectrometer 39. Refractive index and dispersion of a solid by the spectrometer 40. Refractive index and dispersion of a liquid. Specific refractive powers 41. Photometry 42. Interference of light. The biprism 43. Newton's rings 44. Wave length of light by the diffraction grating 45. Rotation of plane by polarisation 46. Saccharimetry Part VI. Magnetism and Electricity: 47. Horizontal components of magnetic fields 48. Magnetic dip 49. Magnetisation curves 50. The water voltameter 51. The copper voltameter 52. Adjustment and standardisation of galvanometers 53. The Post Office resistance bridge 54. High resistances 55. Low resistances 56. The resistance of a galvanometer 57. The resistance of a cell 58. Comparison of resistance standards 59. Change of resistance with temperature 60. The resistance of electrolytes 61. Construction of a standard cell 62. Electromotive forces 63. The potentiometer method of measuring currents 64. Thermo-electric circuits 65. The mechanical equivalent of heat by the electric method 66. Induction of electric currents 67. Standardisation of a ballistic galvanometer 68. The self-inductance of a coil 69. Comparison of self and mutual inductances 70. Leakage and absorption in condensers 71. Comparison of condensers 72. The capacitance of a condenser 73. High resistance by condenser 74. The characteristic curves of a triode tube 75. The quadrant electrometer 76. Ionisation currents by electrometer Appendix. Details of dimensions of apparatus Index.
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