John A Christian

Fundamentals of Spacecraft Optical Navigation

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

An authoritative and comprehensive foundation for professionals, educators, and students working in optical navigation In Fundamentals of Spacecraft Optical Navigation, aerospace engineer John Christian delivers a rigorous and up-to-date discussion of optical navigation-the art of navigating spacecraft with camera images. The author combines the rich history of the fields of aerospace engineering, geometry, astronomy, planetary science, and computer vision with a robust treatment of the mathematics needed to solve contemporary problems. Organized into ten chapters, the book provides the first comprehensive treatment of optical navigation. Readers will find: * A detailed account of the history of optical navigation, with plentiful excerpts and figures from original sources * A rigorous introduction to the mathematics of projective geometry * Thorough introductions to spacecraft dynamics, kinematics, and reference frames * Comprehensive explorations of star catalogs, astrometry, and planetary photometry * Overview of optical instrument hardware design * Practical discussion of celestial navigation and terrain relative navigation (TRN) Perfect for graduate students interested in spacecraft guidance, navigation, and control, Fundamentals of Spacecraft Optical Navigation will also benefit aerospace faculty and aerospace professionals with a responsibility for designing, reviewing, operating, or working with optical navigation systems.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley
• Seitenzahl: 592
• Erscheinungstermin: 23. Dezember 2025
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781394267712
• ISBN-10: 1394267711
• Artikelnr.: 73639347

Autorenporträt

John A. Christian, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He directs the Space Exploration and Analysis Laboratory (SEAL). Dr. Christian develops algorithms for extracting information from space sensor data.

Inhaltsangabe

Foreword xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Acronyms xvii
About the Companion Website xix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 OpNav Pre-history 2
1.2 The Rise of Radio Navigation 18
1.3 OpNav in Crewed Spaceflight 19
1.4 OpNav in Robotic Spaceflight 20
1.5 Terrain Relative Navigation 28
2 Mathematical Foundations 31
2.1 Set Theory and Algebraic Structures 31
2.2 Vector Spaces and Linear Algebra 43
2.3 Change of Basis and Orthogonal Matrices 51
2.4 Attitude Parameterizations 60
2.5 Geometric Algebra 70
2.6 Polynomials 78
2.7 Conics (A First Encounter) 88
3 Projective Geometry 97
3.1 Perspective and the Pinhole Camera Model 98
3.2 Rules of Perspective Projection 104
3.3 An Axiomatic Perspective 110
3.4 An Algebraic Perspective 120
3.5 Invariants 155
3.6 Two-dimensional Transformations 163
4 Time, Reference Frames, and Orbits 181
4.1 Time and Angle 181
4.2 Equinoxes and Solstices 188
4.3 Celestial Reference Frames 192
4.4 Days, Calendars, and Civil Time 198
4.5 Two-body Orbital Mechanics 205
4.6 Dissemination of Celestial Geometry 227
5 Astrometry and Star Catalogs 233
5.1 The Propagation of Light 234
5.2 Asterisms and Constellations 244
5.3 Classical Star Catalogs 245
5.4 Modern Astrometry and Star Catalogs 259
5.5 Stochastic Catalogs 276
5.6 Theory of Relativity 279
6 Radiometry and Photometry 303
6.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum 304
6.2 Photons and Quantum Electrodynamics 305
6.3 Radiometric Units of Measure 308
6.4 Blackbody Radiation 318
6.5 Apparent Magnitude 322
6.6 Photometric Systems 324
6.7 Transmittance and Optical Depth 325
6.8 Single-scattering Phase Function 328
6.9 Reflectance Models 332
6.10 Reflectance Models for Rough Planetary Surfaces 358
6.11 Reflectance Model Comparisons 377
6.12 Resolved Photometry 378
6.13 Unresolved (Disk-integrated) Photometry 391
7 Camera Hardware and Models 407
7.1 Overview of Camera Systems 407
7.2 Light Baffles 413
7.3 Optical Assembly
7.4 Image Sensors 451
7.5 Camera and Optical Instrument Design 485
8 Navigating with Stars 489
8.1 Modeling Stars in Digital Images 490
8.2 Star Detection and Centroiding 493
8.3 Attitude Determination 501
8.4 Star Identification 519
8.5 Velocity Estimation from Stellar Aberration 544
9 Celestial Navigation 551
9.1 Global Shape of Self-gravitating Bodies 551
9.2 Images of Ellipsoidal Celestial Bodies 569
9.3 Horizon-based Position Estimation 580
9.4 Horizon-based Attitude Determination 601
9.5 Triangulation 603
9.6 Navigation Filters 619
10 Terrain Relative Navigation 637
10.1 Landmarks 637
10.2 Map-Free TRN 648
10.3 Map-based TRN 655
References 667
Index 709