The giant impact hypothesis (sometimes referred to as the big whack, or, less frequently, the big splash) is the currently favored scientific hypothesis for the formation of the Moon, which is thought to have formed as a result of a collision between the young Earth and a Mars-sized body that is sometimes called Theia (or Orpheus) for the mythical Greek Titan who ruled the Sun. Evidence for this hypothesis includes Moon samples which indicate the surface of the Moon was once molten, the Moon's apparently relatively small iron core, and evidence of similar collisions in other star systems. There remain several unanswered issues surrounding this hypothesis. These include lunar samples which do not have expected ratios of volatile elements, iron oxide, or siderophilic elements, as well as a lack of evidence to suggest that the Earth ever had the magma ocean implied by this hypothesis.
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