Membrane bioenergetics is one of the most rapidly growing areas within physico-chemical biology. Main aspects treated in this book include energy conservation and utilization by membrane-linked molecular mechanisms such as intracellular respiration, photosynthesis, transport phenomena, rotation of bacterial flagella, and the regulation of heat production.
Membrane bioenergetics is one of the most rapidly growing areas within physico-chemical biology. Main aspects treated in this book include energy conservation and utilization by membrane-linked molecular mechanisms such as intracellular respiration, photosynthesis, transport phenomena, rotation of bacterial flagella, and the regulation of heat production.
1 Introduction.- 1.1 A "Biology Building" and the Place of Bioenergetics.- 1.2 Essential Definitions.- 1.3 ??¯H, ?p, ??¯Na and ?s.- 1.4 Adenosine Triphosphate.- 1.5 Membrane Lipids.- 1.6 Lipid Bilayer.- 1.7 Membrane Proteins.- 2 Specific Methods of Membrane Bioenergetics.- 2.1 Membrane Potential Measurement.- 2.2 ?pH Measurement.- 2.3 Measurement of Fast H+ Dissociation-Association.- 3 Primary ??¯H Generators.- 3.1 The Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Purple Bacteria.- 3.2 The Non-Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Green Bacteria.- 3.3 The Non-Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Chloroplasts and Cyanobacteria.- 3.4 The Respiratory Chain.- 3.5 Bacteriorhodopsin.- 3.6 Primary ??¯H Generators: Overview.- 4 Secondary ??¯H Generators: H+-ATPases.- 4.1 Definition and Classification.- 4.2 H+-ATPasesof Obligate Anaerobic Bacteria.- 4.3 H+-ATPase of the Plant and Fungal Outer Cell Membrane.- 4.4 H+-ATPase of Tonoplast.- 4.5 Non-Mitochondrial H+-ATPase in Animal Cells.- 4.6 Interrelation of Various Functions of H+-ATPase.- 5 ??¯H Consumers.- 5.1 ??¯H-Driven Chemical Work.- 5.2 ??¯H-Driven Osmotic Work.- 5.3 ??¯H-Driven Mechanical Work: Bacterial Motility.- 5.4 ??¯H as an Energy Source for Heat Production.- 6 ??¯H Regulation, Transmission and Buffering.- 6.1 Regulation of ??¯H.- 6.2 ??¯H Transmission.- 6.3 ??¯H Buffering.- 7 The Sodium World.- 7.1 ??¯Na Generators.- 7.2 Utilization of ??¯Na Produced by Primary ??¯Na Generators.- 7.3 How Often is the Na+ Cycle Used by Living Cells?.- 7.4 Probable Evolutionary Relationships of the Protonic and Sodium Worlds.- 7.5 Na+/H+ Antiport in the Animal Cell: H+ as a Secondary Messenger.- 7.6 A General Scheme of Interrelations of Protonic and Sodium Cycles.- 7.7 Membrane-Linked Energy Transductions whenNeither H+ nor Na+ is Involved.- 8 Membrane Bioenergetics Studies: An Outlook.- 8.1 Some Prospects for Fundamental Research.- 8.2 Towards Applied Membrane Bioenergetics.- 9 Membrane Bioenergetics: A Look into History.- 9.1 The First Ideas and Observations. Chemiosmotic Hypothesis.- 9.2 Uncouplers.- 9.3 ??¯H Across Natural Membranes.- 9.4 ??¯H Across Reconstituted Membranes.- 9.5 ATP Formation Supported by an Artifically Imposed ??¯H.- 9.6 Bacteriorhodopsin and Chimerical Proteoliposomes.- 9.7 The Latest History.- 9.8 Membrane Bioenergeticists and Their Outstanding Predecessors.- 10 References.- 11 Subject Index.
1 Introduction.- 1.1 A "Biology Building" and the Place of Bioenergetics.- 1.2 Essential Definitions.- 1.3 ??¯H, ?p, ??¯Na and ?s.- 1.4 Adenosine Triphosphate.- 1.5 Membrane Lipids.- 1.6 Lipid Bilayer.- 1.7 Membrane Proteins.- 2 Specific Methods of Membrane Bioenergetics.- 2.1 Membrane Potential Measurement.- 2.2 ?pH Measurement.- 2.3 Measurement of Fast H+ Dissociation-Association.- 3 Primary ??¯H Generators.- 3.1 The Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Purple Bacteria.- 3.2 The Non-Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Green Bacteria.- 3.3 The Non-Cyclic Photoredox Chain of Chloroplasts and Cyanobacteria.- 3.4 The Respiratory Chain.- 3.5 Bacteriorhodopsin.- 3.6 Primary ??¯H Generators: Overview.- 4 Secondary ??¯H Generators: H+-ATPases.- 4.1 Definition and Classification.- 4.2 H+-ATPasesof Obligate Anaerobic Bacteria.- 4.3 H+-ATPase of the Plant and Fungal Outer Cell Membrane.- 4.4 H+-ATPase of Tonoplast.- 4.5 Non-Mitochondrial H+-ATPase in Animal Cells.- 4.6 Interrelation of Various Functions of H+-ATPase.- 5 ??¯H Consumers.- 5.1 ??¯H-Driven Chemical Work.- 5.2 ??¯H-Driven Osmotic Work.- 5.3 ??¯H-Driven Mechanical Work: Bacterial Motility.- 5.4 ??¯H as an Energy Source for Heat Production.- 6 ??¯H Regulation, Transmission and Buffering.- 6.1 Regulation of ??¯H.- 6.2 ??¯H Transmission.- 6.3 ??¯H Buffering.- 7 The Sodium World.- 7.1 ??¯Na Generators.- 7.2 Utilization of ??¯Na Produced by Primary ??¯Na Generators.- 7.3 How Often is the Na+ Cycle Used by Living Cells?.- 7.4 Probable Evolutionary Relationships of the Protonic and Sodium Worlds.- 7.5 Na+/H+ Antiport in the Animal Cell: H+ as a Secondary Messenger.- 7.6 A General Scheme of Interrelations of Protonic and Sodium Cycles.- 7.7 Membrane-Linked Energy Transductions whenNeither H+ nor Na+ is Involved.- 8 Membrane Bioenergetics Studies: An Outlook.- 8.1 Some Prospects for Fundamental Research.- 8.2 Towards Applied Membrane Bioenergetics.- 9 Membrane Bioenergetics: A Look into History.- 9.1 The First Ideas and Observations. Chemiosmotic Hypothesis.- 9.2 Uncouplers.- 9.3 ??¯H Across Natural Membranes.- 9.4 ??¯H Across Reconstituted Membranes.- 9.5 ATP Formation Supported by an Artifically Imposed ??¯H.- 9.6 Bacteriorhodopsin and Chimerical Proteoliposomes.- 9.7 The Latest History.- 9.8 Membrane Bioenergeticists and Their Outstanding Predecessors.- 10 References.- 11 Subject Index.
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