Though often considered exotic and rare, orchids actually can be found across climates and continents-and Minnesota is no exception. The state is home to forty-nine wild orchids, occurring in every county. With a little patience, a modicum of outdoor experience, and this handy book, any Minnesotan can discover the common species of orchids in the wild. Native Orchids of Minnesota features detailed drawings and color photographs that make reliable identification practical even for beginners. In-depth discussions of habitats and natural history for each species reveal intricate ecological…mehr
Though often considered exotic and rare, orchids actually can be found across climates and continents-and Minnesota is no exception. The state is home to forty-nine wild orchids, occurring in every county. With a little patience, a modicum of outdoor experience, and this handy book, any Minnesotan can discover the common species of orchids in the wild. Native Orchids of Minnesota features detailed drawings and color photographs that make reliable identification practical even for beginners. In-depth discussions of habitats and natural history for each species reveal intricate ecological relationships and seldom-seen aspects of orchid biology. The book includes distribution maps for each species of wild orchid found in Minnesota as well as maps showing generalized distribution throughout North America. It also contains a phenology chart depicting the range of flowering dates and a comprehensive glossary of terms. Native Orchids of Minnesota is both a guide and a resource for the serious naturalist, the weekend botanist, and the connoisseur of natural beauty.
Welby R. Smith is the state botanist with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources in St. Paul. He is the author of Trees and Shrubs of Minnesota and a contributor to Minnesota’s Endangered Flora and Fauna, both published by Minnesota.
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Contents Minnesota County Map Preface Introduction Frequently Asked Questions Key to the Genera of Orchids Found in Minnesota Genus Amerorchis Amerorchis rotundifolia (round-leaved orchid) Genus Aplectrum Aplectrum hyemale (putty-root) Genus Arethusa Arethusa bulbosa (dragon’s-mouth) Genus Calopogon (grass-pinks) Calopogon oklahomensis (Oklahoma grass-pink) Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus (tuberous grass-pink) Genus Calypso Calypso bulbosa var. americana (fairy-slipper) Genus Coeloglossum Coeloglossum viride (long-bracted orchid) Genus Corallorhiza (coral-root) Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata (spotted coral-root) Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis (western spotted coral-root) Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza (autumn coral-root) Corallorhiza striata var. striata (striped coral-root) Corallorhiza trifida (early coral-root) Genus Cypripedium (lady’s-slippers) Cypripedium acaule (stemless lady’s-slipper) Cypripedium arietinum (ram’s-head lady’s-slipper) Cypripedium candidum (small white lady’s-slipper) Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin (northern small yellow lady’s-slipper) Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (large yellow lady’s-slipper) Cypripedium reginae (showy lady’s-slipper) Genus Epipactis Epipactis helleborine (broad-leaved helleborine) Genus Galearis Galearis spectabilis (showy orchis) Genus Goodyera (rattlesnake-plantains) Goodyera pubescens (downy rattlesnake-plantain) Goodyera repens (lesser rattlesnake-plantain) Goodyera tesselata (tessellated rattlesnake-plantain) Genus Liparis (twayblade orchids) Liparis liliifolia (lily-leaved twayblade) Liparis loeselii (Loesel’s twayblade) Genus Listera (twayblades) Listera auriculata (auricled twayblade) Listera convallarioides (broad-leaved twayblade) Listera cordata (heart-leaved twayblade) Genus Malaxis (Adder’s-mouth orchids) Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda (white adder’s-mouth) Malaxis paludosa (bog adder’s-mouth Malaxis unifolia (green adder’s-mouth) Genus Platanthera (bog orchids or rein orchids) Platanthera aquilonis (northern green bog-orchid) Platanthera clavellata (small green wood-orchid) Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata (tall white bog-orchid) Platanthera flava var. herbiola (tubercled rein-orchid) Platanthera hookeri (Hooker’s orchid) Platanthera huronensis (tall green bog-orchid) Platanthera lacera (ragged fringed orchid) Platanthera obtusata var. obtusata (bluntleaved rein-orchid) Platanthera orbiculata (lesser roundleaved orchid) Platanthera praeclara (western prairie fringed orchid) Platanthera psycodes (small purple fringed orchid) Genus Pogonia Pogonia ophioglossoides (rose pogonia) Genus Spiranthes (Ladies’-tresses orchids) Spiranthes casei var. casei (Case’s ladies’-tresses) Spiranthes cernua (nodding ladies’-tresses) Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis (southern slender ladies’-t