A one-of-a-kind guide to the theory, instruments, and applications of neutron scattering techniques Neutrons in Soft Matter is the first guide of its kind to focus on the use of instruments in neutron research. It addresses the anticipated increase in demand for skilled researchers in the field, providing scientists with the tools they need to make the transition from the laboratory to large neutron facilities. Written by a team of experts in neutron research, this guidebook provides clear instructions on using neutron scattering techniques to conduct experiments in diverse areas, including…mehr
A one-of-a-kind guide to the theory, instruments, and applications of neutron scattering techniques Neutrons in Soft Matter is the first guide of its kind to focus on the use of instruments in neutron research. It addresses the anticipated increase in demand for skilled researchers in the field, providing scientists with the tools they need to make the transition from the laboratory to large neutron facilities. Written by a team of experts in neutron research, this guidebook provides clear instructions on using neutron scattering techniques to conduct experiments in diverse areas, including biotechnology, nanotechnology, environmental science, and energy-related fields. It includes highly useful information for materials scientists, physicists, chemists, and biologists working with soft matter such as polymers, gels, micelles, supramolecules, and biomolecules, and instrumentation for them using steady and pulsed neutron sources. Complete coverage, from theory to applications, includes: * The basic concepts of neutron scattering * Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), neutron reflectometry, quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering, and neutron imaging * Data treatment * Sample environment * Numerous applications of small and large molecules, biomolecules, and gels * Global neutron sources and facilities with an overview of different reactors Timely, practical, and comprehensive, Neutrons in Soft Matter is an excellent resource for chemists, materials scientists, physicists, biologists, and anyone who would like to deepen his or her understanding of neutron scattering techniques.
TOYOKO IMAE, PhD, is a professor at the Graduate Institute of Engineering at National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, working on various aspects of polymers and nanomaterials, and a professor emeritus at Nagoya University, Japan. TOSHIJI KANAYA, PhD, is a professor at the Institute for Chemical Research at Kyoto University in Japan, where he specializes in areas of polymer physics. Professor Kanaya has contributed to the book Polyolefin Composites , also from Wiley. MICHIHIRO FURUSAKA, PhD, is a professor at the Graduate School of Engineering at Hokkaido University, Japan, working in the field of neutron instrumentation and optics. NAOYA TORIKAI, PhD, is an associate professor at the Graduate School of Engineering at Mie University, Japan, working in research areas of polymer physics, after serving as an instrument scientist of a pulsed neutron reflectometer at High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK).
Inhaltsangabe
Preface vii Contributors ix I Neutron Scattering 1 I.1 Basics Concepts 1 Ferenc Mezei II Instrumentation 29 II.1 Small-Angle Neutron Scattering 29 II.1.1 Small-Angle Neutron Scattering at Reactor Sources 29 Kell Mortensen II.1.2 SANS Instruments at Pulsed Neutron Sources 57 Toshiya Otomo II.1.3 Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering 73 II.1.3.1 Bonse-Hart USANS Instrument 73 Michael Agamalian II.1.3.2 Focusing USANS Instrument 94 Satoshi Koizumi II.2 Neutron Reflectometry 115 Naoya Torikai II.3 Quasielastic and Inelastic Neutron Scattering 147 II.3.1 Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy 147 Michael Monkenbusch and Dieter Richter II.3.2 Neutron Backscattering 183 Bernhard Frick and Dan Neumann II.3.3 Time-of-Flight Spectrometry 203 Ruep E. Lechner II.4 Neutron Imaging 269 Nobuyuki Takenaka III Data Treatment and Sample Environment 285 III.1 Practical Aspects of SANS Experiments 285 George D. Wignall III.2 Structure Analysis 311 Hideki Seto III.3 Calculation of Real Space Parameters and Ab Initio Models from Isotropic Elastic SANS Patterns 329 Peter V. Konarev and Dmitri I. Svergun III.4 Contrast Variation 351 Mitsuhiro Hirai III.5 Sample Environment: Soft Matter Sample Environment for Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Neutron Reflectometry 383 Peter Lindner, Ralf Schweins, and Richard A. Campbell IV Applications 415 IV.1 Hierarchical Structure of Small Molecules 415 Tsang-Lang Lin IV.2 Structure of Dendritic Polymers and Their Films 435 Koji Mitamura and Toyoko Imae IV.3 Dynamics of Polymers 455 Toshiji Kanaya and Barbara J.Gabrys IV.4 Inhomogeneous Structure and Dynamics of Condensed Soft Matter 493 Mitsuhiro Shibayama IV.5 Protein Dynamics Studied by Neutron Incoherent Scattering 517 Mikio Kataoka and Hiroshi Nakagawa IV.6 Polymer Interfaces and Thin Films 539 David G. Bucknall IV.7 Neutron Diffraction from Polymers and Other Soft Matter 571 Geoffrey R. Mitchell V Current Facilities 601 V.1 Pulsed Neutron Sources and Facilities 601 Masatoshi Arai V.2 Reactor Overview 621 Colin J. Carlile Index 643
Preface vii Contributors ix I Neutron Scattering 1 I.1 Basics Concepts 1 Ferenc Mezei II Instrumentation 29 II.1 Small-Angle Neutron Scattering 29 II.1.1 Small-Angle Neutron Scattering at Reactor Sources 29 Kell Mortensen II.1.2 SANS Instruments at Pulsed Neutron Sources 57 Toshiya Otomo II.1.3 Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering 73 II.1.3.1 Bonse-Hart USANS Instrument 73 Michael Agamalian II.1.3.2 Focusing USANS Instrument 94 Satoshi Koizumi II.2 Neutron Reflectometry 115 Naoya Torikai II.3 Quasielastic and Inelastic Neutron Scattering 147 II.3.1 Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy 147 Michael Monkenbusch and Dieter Richter II.3.2 Neutron Backscattering 183 Bernhard Frick and Dan Neumann II.3.3 Time-of-Flight Spectrometry 203 Ruep E. Lechner II.4 Neutron Imaging 269 Nobuyuki Takenaka III Data Treatment and Sample Environment 285 III.1 Practical Aspects of SANS Experiments 285 George D. Wignall III.2 Structure Analysis 311 Hideki Seto III.3 Calculation of Real Space Parameters and Ab Initio Models from Isotropic Elastic SANS Patterns 329 Peter V. Konarev and Dmitri I. Svergun III.4 Contrast Variation 351 Mitsuhiro Hirai III.5 Sample Environment: Soft Matter Sample Environment for Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Neutron Reflectometry 383 Peter Lindner, Ralf Schweins, and Richard A. Campbell IV Applications 415 IV.1 Hierarchical Structure of Small Molecules 415 Tsang-Lang Lin IV.2 Structure of Dendritic Polymers and Their Films 435 Koji Mitamura and Toyoko Imae IV.3 Dynamics of Polymers 455 Toshiji Kanaya and Barbara J.Gabrys IV.4 Inhomogeneous Structure and Dynamics of Condensed Soft Matter 493 Mitsuhiro Shibayama IV.5 Protein Dynamics Studied by Neutron Incoherent Scattering 517 Mikio Kataoka and Hiroshi Nakagawa IV.6 Polymer Interfaces and Thin Films 539 David G. Bucknall IV.7 Neutron Diffraction from Polymers and Other Soft Matter 571 Geoffrey R. Mitchell V Current Facilities 601 V.1 Pulsed Neutron Sources and Facilities 601 Masatoshi Arai V.2 Reactor Overview 621 Colin J. Carlile Index 643
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