John Tyndall (1820-93) was an Irish physicist who became fascinated by mountaineering after a scientific expedition to Switzerland in 1856. He traversed the summit of the Matterhorn in 1868 and climbed Mount Blanc three times. Alongside this love of mountains was a scientific interest in glaciers and ice formations. Tyndall was also well-regarded for his ability to communicate with the public about science. Many of his books, such as this one, published in 1872 as part of the International Scientific Series, are aimed at the general reader. Tyndall uses this work to explain many aspects of…mehr
John Tyndall (1820-93) was an Irish physicist who became fascinated by mountaineering after a scientific expedition to Switzerland in 1856. He traversed the summit of the Matterhorn in 1868 and climbed Mount Blanc three times. Alongside this love of mountains was a scientific interest in glaciers and ice formations. Tyndall was also well-regarded for his ability to communicate with the public about science. Many of his books, such as this one, published in 1872 as part of the International Scientific Series, are aimed at the general reader. Tyndall uses this work to explain many aspects of water, beginning with cloud formation and rain before moving on to ice, snow and glaciers. He also discusses the principles behind phenomena ranging from tropical rains to glacial movement. Illustrated and organised into 493 different points under themed headings, this book gives clear explanations of the complexity of the earth's water system.
John Tyndall FRS was an important 19th-century Irish physicist. His scientific prominence developed in the 1850s as a result of his research into diamagnetism. Later, he produced discoveries in the fields of infrared radiation and air physical characteristics, establishing the link between atmospheric CO2 and what is now known as the greenhouse effect in 1859. Tyndall also authored over a dozen science books that introduced a large number of people to cutting-edge 19th-century experimental physics. From 1853 to 1887, he taught physics at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1868. Tyndall was born at Leighlinbridge, Co. Carlow, Ireland. His father was a local police constable, descended from Gloucestershire emigrants who arrived in southeast Ireland around 1670. Tyndall attended the local schools (Ballinabranna Primary School) in County Carlow until his late teens and was most likely an assistant teacher near the conclusion of his tenure there. Technical drawing and mathematics were particularly important subjects in school, with some applications to land surveying. In his late teens, he was engaged as a draftsman by the Ordnance Survey of Ireland in 1839, and he later went to the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain in 1842.
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1, 2. Clouds, rains, and rivers 3. The waves of light 4. The waves of heat which produce the vapour of our atmosphere and melt our glaciers 5. Experiments to prove the foregoing statements 6. Oceanic distillation 7. Tropical rains 8. Mountain condensers 9. Architecture of snow 10. Atomic poles 11. Architecture of lake ice 12. The source of the Aveiron 13. The Mer de Glace and its sources 14. Ice-cascade and snows of the Col du Géant 15. Questioning the glaciers 16. Branches and medial moraines of the Mer de Glace from the cleft station 17. The Talèfre and the Jardin 18. First questions regarding glacier motion 19. The motion of glaciers 20. Precise measurements of Agassiz and Forbes 21. The theodolite and its use 22. Motion of the Mer de Glace 23. Unequal motion of the two sides of the Mer de Glace 24. Suggestion of a new likeness of glacier motion to river motion 25. New law of glacier motion 26. Motion of axis of Mer de Glace 27. Motion of tributary glaciers 28. Motion of top and bottom of glacier 29. Lateral compression of a glacier 30. Longitudinal compression of a glacier 31. Sliding and flowing 32. Winter on the Mer de Glace 33. Winter motion of the Mer de Glace 34. Motion of the Grindelwald and Aletsch Glacier 35. Motion of Morteratsch Glacier 36. Birth of a crevasse 37. Icicles 38. The Bergschrund 39. Transverse crevasses 40. Marginal crevasses 41. Longitudinal crevasses 42. Crevasses in relation to curvature of glacier 43. Moraine-ridges, glacier tables, and sand cones 44. The glacier mills or moulins 45. The changes of volume of water by heat and cold 46. Consequences flowing from the foregoing properties of water, correction of errors 47. The molecular mechanism of water-congelation 48. The dirt bands of the Mer de Glace 49. Sea-ice and icebergs 50. The Aeggischhorn, the Märgelin See and its icebergs 51. The Bel Alp 52. The Riffelberg and Görner Glacier 53. Ancient glaciers of Switzerland 54. Erratic blocks 55. Ancient glaciers of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales 56. The glacier epoch 57. Glacial theories 58. Dilatation and sliding theories 59. Plastic theory 60. Viscous theory 61. Regelation theory 62. Cause of regelation 63. Faraday's view of regelation 64. The blue veins of glaciers 65. Relation of structure to pressure 66. Slate cleavage and glacier lamination 67. Conclusion.
1, 2. Clouds, rains, and rivers 3. The waves of light 4. The waves of heat which produce the vapour of our atmosphere and melt our glaciers 5. Experiments to prove the foregoing statements 6. Oceanic distillation 7. Tropical rains 8. Mountain condensers 9. Architecture of snow 10. Atomic poles 11. Architecture of lake ice 12. The source of the Aveiron 13. The Mer de Glace and its sources 14. Ice-cascade and snows of the Col du Géant 15. Questioning the glaciers 16. Branches and medial moraines of the Mer de Glace from the cleft station 17. The Talèfre and the Jardin 18. First questions regarding glacier motion 19. The motion of glaciers 20. Precise measurements of Agassiz and Forbes 21. The theodolite and its use 22. Motion of the Mer de Glace 23. Unequal motion of the two sides of the Mer de Glace 24. Suggestion of a new likeness of glacier motion to river motion 25. New law of glacier motion 26. Motion of axis of Mer de Glace 27. Motion of tributary glaciers 28. Motion of top and bottom of glacier 29. Lateral compression of a glacier 30. Longitudinal compression of a glacier 31. Sliding and flowing 32. Winter on the Mer de Glace 33. Winter motion of the Mer de Glace 34. Motion of the Grindelwald and Aletsch Glacier 35. Motion of Morteratsch Glacier 36. Birth of a crevasse 37. Icicles 38. The Bergschrund 39. Transverse crevasses 40. Marginal crevasses 41. Longitudinal crevasses 42. Crevasses in relation to curvature of glacier 43. Moraine-ridges, glacier tables, and sand cones 44. The glacier mills or moulins 45. The changes of volume of water by heat and cold 46. Consequences flowing from the foregoing properties of water, correction of errors 47. The molecular mechanism of water-congelation 48. The dirt bands of the Mer de Glace 49. Sea-ice and icebergs 50. The Aeggischhorn, the Märgelin See and its icebergs 51. The Bel Alp 52. The Riffelberg and Görner Glacier 53. Ancient glaciers of Switzerland 54. Erratic blocks 55. Ancient glaciers of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales 56. The glacier epoch 57. Glacial theories 58. Dilatation and sliding theories 59. Plastic theory 60. Viscous theory 61. Regelation theory 62. Cause of regelation 63. Faraday's view of regelation 64. The blue veins of glaciers 65. Relation of structure to pressure 66. Slate cleavage and glacier lamination 67. Conclusion.
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