Federico Manfredi Firmian is a lecturer in Political Science at Sciences Po Paris, Associate Research Fellow at the Italian Institute for International Political Studies (ISPI), and Research Fellow at the Modern War Institute at West Point.
* Preface and Acknowledgments
* Note on Transliteration
* Introduction: Great Ideological Divides and War in the Greater Middle
East
* 1. From Ottoman Rule to the Capitalist Remaking of the Levant
(1300–1946)
* 2. The Promise of Pan-Arabism and Its Ultimate Demise (1946–1989)
* 3. After the Cold War: US Hegemony and Islamist Revival (1989–2011)
* 4. The Arab Spring Groundswell (2011–2014)
* 5. The Breakup of Syria and Its Aftershocks (2014–2018)
* 6. A Shattered Syria (2018–2023)
* Conclusion: Patterns of State Failure across Asia and Africa
* Notes
* Bibliography
* Index
