Kenneth Kee

A Simple Guide to Chloasma, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

This book describes Chloasma, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

I had a clinic assistant who had 2 pregnancies 25 years ago.

With each pregnancy she develops large patches of chloasma all over her face.

She had tried bleaching agents, de-pigmentation products, chemical peels, cosmetic products without any success.

In fact the pigmentation becomes worse.

She finally resorted to skin specialist at the National skin Center to have her pigments removed by laser treatment.

After hearing the horror stories of some patients having bleeding followed by scarring of the face, she changed her mind and did not try the laser treatment.

To this day her face is still full of chloasma but she had grown used to it.

Chloasma also termed melasma or mask of pregnancy is a medical disorder featured by symmetrical dark patches with irregular borders on the face.

Chloasma is patches of dark skin that happen on parts of the face or neck that are exposed to the sun.

Chloasma is a frequent pigmentary skin disorder that can happen at any time in life.

It is simply a type of skin discoloration present on parts of the face in 30% of women of child bearing age.

Its start is normally linked to pregnancy or use of hormonal contraceptives combined with skin exposure to sunlight

The sunlight also acts like a trigger.

The disorder happens mainly in women but can also involve men.

While mostly a cosmetic disorder, it can be psychologically distressing to affected persons and can negatively affect self esteem.

Studies have indicated that people with darker or Asian skin tones have a higher possibility of forming the disorder.

Chloasma may have been there for a number of years and can be prevented or treated in many ways.

There are three sub-types of chloasma.

It could be classified according to the depth of the pigments:
1. Epidermal (brown),
2. Dermal (blue-grey),
3. A mixture of both (brown-grey).

It can also be classified into 3 types based on the distribution pattern of the pigments:
1. Centrofacial
2. Malar
3. Mandibular

Diagnosis is made mainly on medical features and a skin biopsy is not necessary.

1. Sun exposure is also a very strong triggering factor.
2. It is often linked with the female hormone estrogen and progesterone in:
a. Pregnant women,
b. Women taking oral contraceptives
c. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during the menopause.
3. Hormonal imbalances in the body can also trigger Chloasma
4. Visible Light (VL) all types such as UVA, fluorescent and even computer screens can spark the start of this type of disorder.
Recent studies have shown that VL may aggravate Chloasma through opsin S which is a specific sensor in melanocytes responsible for hyper-pigmentation.
5. Poor immune system - e.g., thyroid auto-immunity
6. Genetic factors genetically predisposed persons are prone to developing chloasma on sun exposure
7. Medicines - Certain medicines and essential oils e e.g. sulfa drugs, tetracycline, NSAIDs, perfumed soap
8. Nutritional deficiency zinc deficiency

Wood's lamp may assist to help the diagnosis

Wood's lamp examination is useful finding the level of pigment deposition in all patients.

Epidermal chloasma is visualized clearly with Wood's lamp examination.

Dermal chloasma is seen less clearly.

Present treatments are:
Chemical peels or topical steroid creams
Laser and light treatment
Micro-needling device that destroy dermal blood vessels
Intralesional or oral tranexamic acid
Avoid sunlight

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Chloasma
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Freckle...

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Kenneth Kee
• Erscheinungstermin: 2. November 2021
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781005223878
• Artikelnr.: 75905307

Autorenporträt

Dr. Kenneth Kee is a well-known medical doctor from Singapore who has been practicing medicine since 1972.
He graduated from the University of Singapore and furthered his studies with a Master of Science in Health Management in 1991, followed by a Ph.D. in Healthcare Administration in 1993.
Dr. Kee established Kee Clinic in 1974, located in the Holland Drive area of Singapore. The clinic has been a prominent feature of the community, offering general medical services for 5 decades.
Dr Kee also served his country Singapore as a national service police Inspector at night from 1975 to 1985 while working at his clinic during the day.
He had served as a police guard to the Woodland Petroleum Tanks at night during the Indonesian Confrontation period, took part in police rounds at night in the Beach Road area and taught First aid and emergency resuscitation to Police recruits.
He received the Singapore Police Bicentennial 2020 Medallion on 1st March 2024 as recognition for his work in the Singapore Police.
Even as he grew older, Dr. Kee continued to work actively in his clinic, although he eventually reduced his consultation hours.
Beyond his medical career, Dr. Kee is also an author.
He started writing about medical conditions in 2007, using blogs and other online platforms to share his knowledge with a broader audience.
Over time, he published various books, many of which provide simple and accessible guides to different health conditions.
His works include "A Family Doctor's Tale," "My Personal Singapore History," and numerous medical guides, available through platforms like Amazon.
His books often combine his personal experiences as a family doctor with insights into Singapore's healthcare system and history.
Dr. Kee has written extensively on health topics, contributing to both medical literature and general knowledge resources.

Dr. Kenneth Kee has written numerous books, primarily focused on health education and personal experiences as a family doctor. Some of his notable titles include:
"A Family Doctor's Tale"
This book is a blend of Dr. Kee's personal experiences and his reflections on being a family doctor in Singapore. It's a great choice if you're looking for a narrative that combines both medical knowledge and human stories.
"Specialized Medical Conditions"
Books like **"Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment"** focus on specific conditions, offering in-dept...