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This book attempts a comprehensive account of the old Vedic society with particular focus on the physical conditions of life during the Bronze Age in north western South Asia. With territorial kingdoms, specialized production of craft goods, large scale trade by land and sea and a high end surplus producing peasant economy, situates the Aryan discourse on an entirely different platform. The book shows that the Aryans of the Rigveda were far from the monolithic concept of a single people and a single culture. Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka…mehr
This book attempts a comprehensive account of the old Vedic society with particular focus on the physical conditions of life during the Bronze Age in north western South Asia. With territorial kingdoms, specialized production of craft goods, large scale trade by land and sea and a high end surplus producing peasant economy, situates the Aryan discourse on an entirely different platform. The book shows that the Aryans of the Rigveda were far from the monolithic concept of a single people and a single culture.
Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka
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Autorenporträt
R.N. Nandi is a former Professor of History at Patna University. His publications include State Formation, Agrarian Growth and Social Change in Feudal South India, ad 600-1200 (2000); Aryans Revisited (2001); Ideology and Environment: Situating the Origin of Vedic Culture (2009).
Inhaltsangabe
Preface
Introduction
1. The Nature of the State The Political Spectrum
Political Terminology
The King and his Palace
The King and his Territory
Horses, Chariots and Territorial Conquests The King and the People
2. The Form of Government
Role of Corporate Bodies: Vidatha, Sabha, Samiti
The Rituals of Empowerment The Asvamedha Sacrifice
The Incipient Rajasuya
3. The City and the Citadel
Vedic Gods and Walled Settlements
Harappan Citadels and the `Rgveda
Defensive Architecture
Construction Material
Grid Plan
Multi-pillared
Numerous Gateways
Fort as a Resource Centre
4. Merchants and Moneylenders
Routes and Merchandise of the Bronze Age
Commodity Exchange of the Middle Bronze Age
Business Terminology
Professional Traders: Va`nik and Pa`ni
Private Bankers
5. Cruising the Blue Water
Rivers and the Sea
Cloud Formation and the Water Cycle
Vedic Gods and the High Seas
Tidal Waves, Monsoon Winds and Gulfs
Marine Fires
Resources of the Deep Sea
Seafaring Crafts
Shipwreck and Rescue Operations
Pirates and Loss of Direction
Merchants, Crew Members and Escorts
Nature of the Cargo
River-borne Sea Trade
Sea-borne Wealth and Fame
6. Caravans on Dusty Tracks
Hazards of the Land Route
Trade in Gem Stones
Trade in Livestock
Donkeys and Camels
Trade in Textiles
Gold, Gold-like Objects and Other Merchandise
From Priest to King
7. Crafts and Craft-working
Metals and Metal-working
Functional Objects
Ayas-Copper or Just Metal?
The Smelter (Dhmata) and the Smith (Karmar, Karmar)
Wood-working and Carpenters (Tak_sa)
Functional Objects: Pots, Shafts, Carts, Boats
Agricultural Tools
Weavers (Vasovaya, Vayanti) and Weaving
Leather Workers (Carmamna) and Leather Working
8. The Story of the Cow-tale
The Chorus of Nomadism
Meaning of Go
Buffalo or Mahisa
Permanent Dwellings
9. Peasants and Plough Lands
Gods and Peasant Activities
Some Crucial Expressions
K_setrapati: The God of Plough Lands
Terms for Plough Lands
The Acquisition of Plough Lands
Fights for Acquisition
Resource Crunch, Famines and Starvation Deaths
Irrigation: Need of the Hour Peasants at Work
Importance of Food Crops
Private Farms and Social Differentiation
10. Crops and Consumption
Cereal Dishes: Meals and Oblations
Puro_lasa, Dhana, Apupa, Saktu
Non-cereal Food
Summer and Winter Crops
Plough Lands: K_setra and Urvara
11. Drainage and Discord
Rains and Irrigation
River Action: Drainage and Soil Fertility
Overground and Underground Drainage
Lift Irrigation: Pulley and Suction
Drought and Discord
12. Language and Ethnicity
The Harappan Sign System
Variant Physical Types
The Linguistic Scenario
Primary Prakrts, Vernacular Vedic and the Mantra Dialect
