Diabetes mellitus:
When the body has trouble controlling its blood sugar levels, a complicated and multi-faceted health disease known as diabetes develops. Insulin is the principal factor in diabetes because it enables cells to take glucose from the bloodstream and use it for energy. Type1, Type2, and gestational diabetes are the three most common forms of the disease.
An autoimmune disorder in which the immune system erroneously assaults and kills insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, type 1 diabetes is most commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents. Because of this, people with Type 1 diabetes have to control their blood sugar levels with the use of insulin injections or insulin pumps.
While both types of diabetes can strike at any age, type 2 is more frequent and usually manifests in adulthood. Insulin resistance occurs when cells in the body stop responding normally to insulin, a symptom shared by type 2 diabetes. The pancreas may gradually reduce insulin production as well. Type 2 diabetes can be triggered by a combination of hereditary predisposition, obesity, and unhealthy lifestyle choices. Medication or insulin therapy may be necessary as the condition advances, although lifestyle adjustments, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, are usually enough to control it at first.
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