Jean M. Rüeger

Electronic Distance Measurement (eBook, PDF)

An Introduction

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Based on the enormous teaching experience of the author, this book is a valuable source of information for students and practitioners interested in distance measurement.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• Seitenzahl: 276
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783642802331
• Artikelnr.: 53151981

Autorenporträt

Based on the enormous teaching experience of the author, this book is a valuable source of information for students and practitioners interested in distance measurement.

Inhaltsangabe

1 History.- 2 Physical Laws and Units Related to EDM.- 2.1 Definitions.- 2.2 Frequency Spectrum.- 2.3 Velocity of Light in a Vacuum.- 2.4 Units and Their Definitions.- 3 Principles and Applications of EDM.- 3.1 Pulse Method.- 3.2 Phase Difference Method.- 3.3 Doppler Methods.- 3.4 Interferometry.- 4 Basic Working Principles of Electronic Distance Meters.- 4.1 Electro-Optical Instruments.- 4.2 Microwave Instruments.- 5 Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves Through the Atmosphere.- 5.1 Atmospheric Transmittance.- 5.2 Range of EDM Instruments.- 5.3 Phase Refractive Index.- 5.4 Group Refractive Index of Light and NIR Waves for Standard Conditions.- 5.5 Group Refractive Index of Light and NIR Waves at Ambient Conditions.- 5.6 Refractive Index of Microwaves.- 5.7 Coefficient of Refraction.- 5.8 Measurement of Atmospheric Parameters.- 5.9 Determination of the Refractive Index.- 6 Velocity Corrections to Measured Distances.- 6.1 Reference Refractive Index.- 6.2 First Velocity Correction.- 6.3 Real-Time Application of First Velocity Correction by EDM Instrument.- 6.4 Second Velocity Correction.- 6.5 Refined Method of Reduction of Measured Distance to Wave Path Chord.- 7 Geometrical Corrections.- 7.1 Reduction to the Spheroid Using Station Heights.- 7.2 Reduction to the Spheroid, Using Measured Zenith Angles.- 8 Miscellaneous Corrections, Computations and Numerical Examples.- 8.1 Correction of Measured Distance to Zenith Angle Ray Path.- 8.2 Eye-to-Object Corrections for Zenith Angles and Distances.- 8.3 Height Difference from Measured Zenith Angle(s) and Slope Distance.- 8.4 Determination of the Coefficient of Refraction from Reciprocal Zenith Angle Measurements.- 8.5 Reduction to Centre of Distances.- 8.6 Numerical Examples.- 9 Electro-Optical Distance Meters.- 9.1 Classification of Electro-Optical Distance Meters.- 9.2 Design of Some Electro-Optical Distance Meters.- 10 Reflectors.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Glass Prism Reflectors.- 11 Batteries and Other Power Sources.- 11.1 Review of Power Sources.- 11.2 Batteries Used in EDM.- 11.3 Sealed Nickel-Cadmium Batteries.- 12 Errors of Electro-Optical Distance Meters.- 12.1 Additive Constant.- 12.2 Short Periodic Errors.- 12.3 Scale Errors.- 12.4 Non-Linear Distance-Dependent Errors.- 12.5 Summary and Mathematical Model of Errors.- 13 Calibration of Electro-Optical Distance Meters.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Calibration on EDM Baselines.- 13.3 Calibration on Cyclic Error Testlines.- 13.4 Calibration of Modulation Frequency.- 13.5 Accuracy Specifications of EDM Instruments.- Appendices.- A. First Velocity Correction for Precise Electro-Optical Distance Measurement.- B. Tables of Saturation Water Vapour Pressures.- C. Parameters of the ICAO Standard Atmosphere.- D. Data of a Selection of Electro-Optical Distance Meters as Required for the Derivation of the First Velocity Correction and for Calibration Purposes.- E. Technical Data of a Selection of Short Range Distance Meters.- F. Technical Data of a Selection of Pulse Distance Meters.- G. Technical Data of a Selection of Long Range Distance Meters.- H. Critical Dimensions of a Selection of Reflectors.- References.