In particular, we treat, in arbitrary characteristic, the classical invariants of hypersurface singularities, and we review results on the equisingularity of plane curve singularities, on the classification of parametrizations of plane branches, and on hypersurface and complete intersection singularities with small moduli. Moreover, we discuss and prove determinacy and semicontinuity results of families of ideals and matrices of power series parametrized by an arbitrary Noether base scheme, which are used to prove open loci properties for several singularity invariants. The semicontinuity has surprising applications in the computation of local standard bases of zero dimensional ideals, which are by magnitudes faster than previously known methods.
The chapter contains two appendices. One is by Dmitry Kerner on large submodules within group orbits, which relates to determinacy criteria for singularities in very general contexts. It is focused on methods applicable to a broad class of fields of arbitrary characteristic, while before the theory was mainly restricted to zero characteristic. The second appendix is by Ilya Tyomkin and deals with the geometry of Severi varieties, mainly on toric varieties. It discusses the breakthrough solution to the problem on the irreducibility of Severi varieties of the plane in arbitrary characteristic, with a focus on the characteristic free approach based on tropical geometry.
We try to be self-contained and give proofs whenever possible. However, due to the amount of material, this is not always possible, and we then give precise references to the original sources.
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"This monograph is dedicated to the theory of singularities, a subject with a central role in modern mathematics. ... This very well written book has a unified point of view based on the theory of analytic spaces, which allows a coherent presentation of both of its main themes: the theory of singularities and deformations of singularities. ... The book includes many examples and exercises ... . This monograph can serve as a source for several special courses in singularity theory and local analytic geometry." (Vasile Brînzanescu, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 b)








