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The essential guide to state-of-the art mobile positioning and tracking techniques--fully updated for new and emerging trends in the field Mobile Positioning and Tracking, Second Edition explores state-of-the-art mobile positioning solutions applied on top of current wireless communication networks. Application areas covered include positioning, data fusion and filtering, tracking, error mitigation, both conventional and cooperative positioning technologies and systems, and more. The authors fill the gap between positioning and communication systems, showing how features of wireless…mehr
The essential guide to state-of-the art mobile positioning and tracking techniques--fully updated for new and emerging trends in the field Mobile Positioning and Tracking, Second Edition explores state-of-the-art mobile positioning solutions applied on top of current wireless communication networks. Application areas covered include positioning, data fusion and filtering, tracking, error mitigation, both conventional and cooperative positioning technologies and systems, and more. The authors fill the gap between positioning and communication systems, showing how features of wireless communications systems can be used for positioning purposes and how the retrieved location information can be used to enhance the performance of wireless networks. Unlike other books on the subject, Mobile Positioning and Tracking: From Conventional to Cooperative Techniques, 2nd Edition covers the entire positioning and tracking value chain, starting from the measurement of positioning signals, and offering valuable insights into the theoretical fundamentals behind these methods and how they relate to application areas such as location-based services, as well as related disciplines and professional concerns, including global business considerations and the changing laws and standards governing wireless communication networks. Fully updated and revised for the latest developments in the field, this Second Edition: * Features new chapters on UWB positioning and tracking, indoor positioning in WLAN, and multi-tag positioning in RFID * Explores an array of positioning and tracking systems based on satellite and terrestrial systems technologies and methods * Introduces advanced and novel topics such as localisation in heterogeneous and cooperative scenarios * Provides a bridge between research and industry with potential implementations of the solutions presented Mobile positioning and tracking is subject to continuous innovations and improvements. This important working resource helps busy industry professionals and practitioners--including software and service developers--stay on top of emerging trends in the field. It is also a valuable reference for advanced students in related disciplines studying positioning and mobile technologies.
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Autorenporträt
Simone Frattasi, PhD, is currently Head of the Patent Section of Sony Mobile Communications in Lund, Sweden. Previously, he worked as Technical Project Manager at Aalborg University, Denmark.
Francescantonio Della Rosa, MSc, works on hybrid data fusion and software development for GNSS receiver prototypes and mobile devices within the EU FP7 project, GRAMMAR (Galileo Ready Advanced Mass Market Receiver), at Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
Inhaltsangabe
About the Authors xv
List of Contributors xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgements xxi
List of Abbreviations xxiii
Notations xxxi
1 Introduction 1 Joaõ Figueiras, Francescantonio Della Rosa and Simone Frattasi
1.1 Application Areas of Positioning (Chapter 2) 5
1.2 Basics of Wireless Communications for Positioning (Chapter 3) 5
1.3 Fundamentals of Positioning (Chapter 4) 5
1.4 Data Fusion and Filtering Techniques (Chapter 5) 6
1.5 Fundamentals of Tracking (Chapter 6) 6
1.6 Error Mitigation Techniques (Chapter 7) 7
1.7 Positioning Systems and Technologies (Chapter 8) 7
1.8 Ultrawideband Positioning and Tracking (Chapter 9) 8
1.9 Indoor Positioning in WLAN (Chapter 10) 8
1.10 Cooperative Multi-tag Localization in RFID Systems (Chapter 11) 9
1.11 Cooperative Mobile Positioning (Chapter 12) 9
2 Application Areas of Positioning 11 Simone Frattasi
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Localization Framework 11
2.3 Location-based Services 13
2.3.1 LBS Ecosystem 13
2.3.2 Taxonomies 15
2.3.3 Context Awareness 26
2.3.4 Privacy 29
2.4 Location-based Network Optimization 32
2.4.1 Radio Network Planning 32
2.4.2 Radio Resource Management 32
2.5 Patent Trends 35
2.6 Conclusions 39
3 Basics of Wireless Communications for Positioning 43 Gilberto Berardinelli and Nicola Marchetti
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Radio Propagation 44
3.2.1 Path Loss 45
3.2.2 Shadowing 48
3.2.3 Small-scale Fading 49
3.2.4 Radio Propagation and Mobile Positioning 52
3.2.5 RSS-based Positioning 54
3.3 Multiple-antenna Techniques 55
3.3.1 Spatial Diversity 55
3.3.2 Spatial Multiplexing 56
3.3.3 Gains Obtained by Exploiting the Spatial Domain 57
3.3.4 MIMO and Mobile Positioning 59
3.4 Duplexing Methods 59
3.4.1 Simplex Systems 59
3.4.2 Half-duplex 59
3.4.3 Full Duplex 60
3.5 Modulation and Multiple-access Techniques 61
3.5.1 Modulation Techniques 61
3.5.2 Multiple-access Techniques 65
3.5.3 OFDMA and Mobile Positioning 67
3.6 Radio Resource Management and Mobile Positioning 67
3.6.1 Handoff, Channel Reuse and Interference Adaptation 67
3.6.2 Power Control 69
3.7 Synchronization 70
3.7.1 Centralized Synchronization 70
3.7.2 Distributed Synchronization 71
3.8 Cooperative Communications 72
3.8.1 Cooperative MIMO 73
3.8.2 Clustering 74
3.8.3 Cooperative Routing 75
3.8.4 RSS-based Cooperative Positioning 75
3.9 Cognitive Radio and Mobile Positioning 75
3.10 Conclusions 78
4 Fundamentals of Positioning 81 João Figueiras
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Classification of Positioning Infrastructures 81
4.2.1 Positioning-system Topology 82
4.2.2 Physical Coverage Range 83
4.2.3 Integration of Positioning Solutions 84
4.3 Types of Measurements and Methods for their Estimation 85
