The contributions to this volume refer to three major fields of historical and contemporary research:
1. The study of the factors that constitute ''territorially-based imagined communities''. Under what conditions can certain cultural characteristics shared by a given group (such as language, religious affiliation or cultural heritage) acquire social and political meaning in a process of creating territorial loyalties! And how do regional and national loyalties relate to other patterns of particularist group identities! In examining these questions, special attention is given to the concept of ''primordial'' identities and to the problem of ethnicity.
2. The analysis of the mechanisms by which particular group interests (social, political or cultural) are ''translated'' into narratives of regional or national identity. The loyalty to a community within a given territory is never merely a product of ''invention'' and of arbitrary ideological indoctrination. However, the social and political functions of such loyalties cannot be understood without considering the fact that the meanings attributed to them reflect the outcome of a continuous ''lutte de définition'' among different social groups. Trying to identify both the underlying collective interests and their symbolic representations is therefore a major concern.
3. An enquiry into the relationship between national and regional identities. The recent experiences of the political reemergence of regionalism in Europe have put in question assumptions about the triumph of the nation state and, subsequently, of supra-national forms of integration as the ''necessary'' outcome of a teleological process. Different territorial loyalties can apparently coexist, and even reinforce each other, and the circumstances under which one of these affiliations overtakes the others deserve specific attention.
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