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Climate change has been a central concern over recent years, with visible and highly publicized consequences such as melting Arctic ice and mountain glaciers, rising sea levels, and the submersion of low-lying coastal areas during mid-latitude and tropical cyclones. This book presents a review of the spatial impacts of contemporary climate change, with a focus on a systematic, multi-scalar approach. Beyond the facts rises in temperature, changes in the spatial distribution of precipitation, melting of the marine and terrestrial cryosphere, changes in hydrological regimes at high and medium…mehr
Climate change has been a central concern over recent years, with visible and highly publicized consequences such as melting Arctic ice and mountain glaciers, rising sea levels, and the submersion of low-lying coastal areas during mid-latitude and tropical cyclones. This book presents a review of the spatial impacts of contemporary climate change, with a focus on a systematic, multi-scalar approach. Beyond the facts rises in temperature, changes in the spatial distribution of precipitation, melting of the marine and terrestrial cryosphere, changes in hydrological regimes at high and medium latitudes, etc. it also analyzes the geopolitical consequences in the Arctic and Central Asia, changes to Mediterranean culture and to viticulture on a global scale, as well as impacts on the distribution of life, for example, in the Amazon rainforest, in large biomes on a global scale, and for birds.
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Autorenporträt
Denis Mercier is Professor of Geography at Sorbonne University and a member of the Laboratory of Physical Geography: Quaternary and Current Environments. His research focuses on the impacts of climate change on the polar environment and the risks of flooding and sea submergence.
Inhaltsangabe
Introduction xiii Denis MERCIER
Chapter 1. Climate Change at Different Temporal and Spatial Scales 1 Denis MERCIER
1.1. Contemporary global climate change 1
1.2. Contemporary Arctic-wide climate change 6
1.3. Future global climate change 9
1.4. Future Arctic-wide climate change 11
1.5. The causes of climate change 13
1.5.1. Solar radiation 13
1.5.2. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions 14
1.5.3. Volcanism 16
1.5.4. Albedo and the radiation balance 17
1.6. Conclusion 19
1.7. References 19
Chapter 2. Climate Change and the Melting Cryosphere 21 Denis MERCIER
2.1. Introduction 21
2.2. The sensitivity of the cryosphere to climate change 22
2.3. Melting of the marine cryosphere 24
2.3.1. The melting of the Arctic sea ice 24
2.3.2. Antarctic sea ice 27
2.4. Melting of the Earth's cryosphere 28
2.4.1. Melting ice sheets 28
2.4.2. The melting of mountain glaciers 32
2.4.3. Decreasing permafrost 35
2.4.4. Melting snow 35
2.5. Consequences of the melting cryosphere 36
2.5.1. On a global scale: rising sea levels 36
2.5.2. Regionally: paraglacial risks 38
2.6. Conclusion 40
2.7. References 40
Chapter 3. Between Warming and Globalization: Rethinking the Arctic at the Heart of a Stakes System 43 Éric CANOBBIO
3.1. Spatial impacts of climate change in the Arctic 43
3.1.1. Clarifying the terms of the subject in their polar contexts 44
3.2. The manufacture of polar issues, between global warming and globalization 52
3.2.1. Warming and space production, a decade of confusion off the Arctic coasts 53
3.2.2. Three interacting contexts 57
3.3. The production of polar doctrines: rhetoric and frameworks for action 59
3.3.1. Factors of convergence and consensus 60
3.3.2. Differentiation factors 61
3.3.3. The strategic dimensions of Arctic policies, the complex issue of polar militarization 62
3.4. Geography of a new system of stakeholder relations in the Arctic 65
3.5. Conclusion: polar metamorphisms 67
3.6. References 68
Chapter 4. Coastlines with Increased Vulnerability to Sea-level Rise 71 Axel CREACH
4.1. Introduction 71
4.2. Coastlines under the influence of sea-level rise 72
4.2.1. The pressures of climate change on coastlines 72
4.2.2. Consequences of sea-level rise on coastlines 76
4.3. Increasingly attractive coastlines for societies 78
4.3.1. The coastalization process 78
4.3.2. A densification of activities on the coastlines 79
4.3.3. A closer approach to the sea 81
4.4. Towards the necessary adaptation of coastal areas 83
4.4.1. The coastline, an area at risk 83
4.4.2. Possible coping strategies 84
4.4.3. The example of the Netherlands 86
4.5. Which coastline for tomorrow? 87
4.6. References 89
Chapter 5. The Consequences of Climate Change on the Paraglacial Sedimentary Cascade 93 Denis MERCIER and Étienne COSSART
5.1. The paraglacial sedimentary cascade: elements of definition 93
5.1.1. General principles of the concept of a paraglacial sedimentary cascade 93
5.1.2. Paraglacial spatial boundaries 98
5.1.3. The temporal limits of the paraglacial sedimentary cascade 99
5.2. Sediment inputs to the paraglacial sedimentary cascade 102
