Kenneth Kee

Urethral Syndrome, (Urination Disorder) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Urethral Syndrome
Recently I had seen a few cases of painful and difficult urination or dysuria.
I was going to write on dysuria but decided on Urethral Syndrome instead which has urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and supra-pubic discomfort as part of its syndrome and have a special chapter on dysuria.
What is Urethral Syndrome?
Urethral syndrome is defined as a medical disorder with lower urinary tract symptoms (urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and supra-pubic discomfort) but with no recognized urinary pathogen cultured from urine or any other objective discovery of urological defect.
The diagnosis of urethral syndrome is made based on the history, negative urine cultures, dynamic cystourethroscopy and urodynamic studies.
The term urethral syndrome is now controversial as there are no guided diagnostic criteria and there is some overlap with other diagnoses e.g., interstitial cystitis.
The most frequent cause of Urethral Syndrome is urethral stenosis.
Presently other causes are:
1. Hormone imbalances,
2. Inflamed Skene glands and paraurethral glands (the "female prostate"),
3. Allergy to certain foods,
4. Environmental chemicals (e.g., douches, bubble bath, soaps, contraceptive gels, condoms),
5. Hypersensitivity following urinary tract infection, and
6. Trauma during sexual intercourse.
Following the early pain-causing episode, patients with urethral syndrome have both involuntary spasms and voluntary contraction of the pelvic musculature during the painful episode, which, besides any residual irritant or re-injury, begins a vicious circle of worsening poor function of the pelvic floor muscles.
Symptoms normally are:
1. Supra-pubic discomfort,
2. Dysuria, and
3. Urinary frequency
Diagnosis is by:
1. Urine dipstick analysis
2. Midstream specimen of urine for microscopy, culture and sensitivities.
3. Urethral swab for chlamydia, chlamydial-antigens in first-pass urine sample.
If there are chlamydia-negative and persistent symptoms, a sample is taken by supra-pubic aspiration or urethral catheterization and culture for 'fastidious' or slow-growing organisms.
Any organisms detected in this way are medically significant.
If no infection is found, consider cystoscopy to exclude non-infective causes.
Further investigations may also include pelvic ultrasound, MRI scan, intravenous urography and urodynamic studies.
General treatments

1. Any psychological problems should be identified and may require treatment but they are often not relevant

Behavioral treatment (such as biofeedback, meditation, and hypnosis) has been used with some success.

Biofeedback has the most promise in patients whose symptoms are because of a failure to loosen up the pelvic muscles during urination.

Attempts at relaxation while undergoing electromyelography monitoring can help the patient retrain their muscles to allow them to void normally.

2. Highly acidic foods, including spicy foods, should be avoided that may worsen syndromes
a. Alcohol and other beverages
b. Condiments
c. Fruits
d. Juices
e. Salad dressings
f. Snacks
g. Vegetables
h. Miscellaneous foods
3. Exercise and massage programs can be very helpful.
4. Urethral massage may help by increasing drainage of mucus from chronically infected periurethral glands.
Medicine
1. Treatment of urinary tract infections and chlamydial urethritis
2. Vaginal estrogen cream in patients with atrophic urethritis.
Other Medicines are:
1. Hormone replacement
2. Anesthetics
3. Antispasmodics
4. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
5. Muscle relaxants
6. Alpha-blockers
The previous surgery used to treat urethral syndrome has been urethral dilation.
InterStim therapy and YAG laser ablation can reduce or eliminate symptoms.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction...

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Kenneth Kee
• Erscheinungstermin: 5. August 2017
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781370878420
• Artikelnr.: 48902489

Autorenporträt

Dr. Kenneth Kee is a well-known medical doctor from Singapore who has been practicing medicine since 1972.
He graduated from the University of Singapore and furthered his studies with a Master of Science in Health Management in 1991, followed by a Ph.D. in Healthcare Administration in 1993.
Dr. Kee established Kee Clinic in 1974, located in the Holland Drive area of Singapore. The clinic has been a prominent feature of the community, offering general medical services for 5 decades.
Dr Kee also served his country Singapore as a national service police Inspector at night from 1975 to 1985 while working at his clinic during the day.
He had served as a police guard to the Woodland Petroleum Tanks at night during the Indonesian Confrontation period, took part in police rounds at night in the Beach Road area and taught First aid and emergency resuscitation to Police recruits.
He received the Singapore Police Bicentennial 2020 Medallion on 1st March 2024 as recognition for his work in the Singapore Police.
Even as he grew older, Dr. Kee continued to work actively in his clinic, although he eventually reduced his consultation hours.
Beyond his medical career, Dr. Kee is also an author.
He started writing about medical conditions in 2007, using blogs and other online platforms to share his knowledge with a broader audience.
Over time, he published various books, many of which provide simple and accessible guides to different health conditions.
His works include "A Family Doctor's Tale," "My Personal Singapore History," and numerous medical guides, available through platforms like Amazon.
His books often combine his personal experiences as a family doctor with insights into Singapore's healthcare system and history.
Dr. Kee has written extensively on health topics, contributing to both medical literature and general knowledge resources.

Dr. Kenneth Kee has written numerous books, primarily focused on health education and personal experiences as a family doctor. Some of his notable titles include:
"A Family Doctor's Tale"
This book is a blend of Dr. Kee's personal experiences and his reflections on being a family doctor in Singapore. It's a great choice if you're looking for a narrative that combines both medical knowledge and human stories.
"Specialized Medical Conditions"
Books like **"Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment"** focus on specific conditions, offering in-dept...